Topic 1- Illusions Flashcards
Comes only work in…
Bright light
What are cones sensitive to?
Colour!
What is a schema?
A mental framework which helps us understand unusual scenarios- Expectations affect perception.
Texture gradient is when…
The closer something is, the more texture can be seen.
Relative size- closer/bigger or closer/ smaller?
Closer/Bigger
What is linear perspective?
Where parallel lines seem to meet in the distance.
Definition of a fiction.
When you perceive a shape that isn’t there.
After effects are-
When you see the illusion differently after stimulus eg. Light.
Ambiguous figures are-
When there is a stimulus with 2 or more interpretations.
Distortions have a deceived…?
Perception - eg. Size or shape.
Three strengths of Gregory’s theory.
Explains distortions well
Explains some ambiguous figures well
Explains some fictions well.
Three weaknesses to Gregory’s theory.
Doesn’t explain all distortions
No explanation for müller lyer
Doesn’t explain ambiguous figures/ fictions well.
Rods are … And respond to…
Are light sensitive and respond to movement
Three strengths of Gestalts theory.
Explains ambiguous figures well- parts either figure or ground
Explains fictions well with closure
Explains müller lyer even with ⚫️’s
Three weaknesses of Gestalts theory
Doesn’t explain why we see two triangles and not a six pointed star in the kanizsa triangle.
Doesn’t explain any other distortions
Different explanations for different illusions
Bartlett (1932), North American folk tale- give four findings.
Form- order of events sticks
Details are often lost
Events are made less complex
Inaccurate details are often added.
Definition of serial reproduction.
Information is passed via participants- differences of each version are measured.
Definition of repeated production.
Participant given story or drawing, asked to remember then reproduce. Differences are measured.
2 strengths of Bartlett’s study.
Both serial/repeated reproductions done many times which helped show that changes made followed a animist pattern
Other stories also used in serial reproductions, so findings can be applied to other unfamiliar material.
2 weaknesses of Bartlett’s study.
By using unfamiliar material, can’t be sure findings would apply to familiar material
Participants during repeated reproduction not always tested after same time lapse- changes can’t be compared fairly.
Carmichael et Al 1932- how verbal labels affect image recall- used what to gather results?
2 word lists with images and a control group without images.
Conclusion of Carmichael’s study?
Memory of pictures is reconstructed- verbal labels affect the way images are perceived, so when images are recalled, memory of the word changes the way the image is represented.
