Topic 1: Exploring Matter

Question 1

Why are Caustic Materials Dangerous?

Answer 1

• Burn, corrode or destroy organic tissues

Question 2

Solid

Answer 2

• Something with a definite shape and volume

Question 3

Liquid

Answer 3

• Something with no definite shape but a definite volume

Question 4

Gas

Answer 4

• Something with no definite shape or volume

Question 5

Particle Model of Matter

Answer 5

• All matter is made up of small particles
• Each pure substance has its own particle. Different pure substances will have different particles
• Particles attract each other
• Particles are always moving
• Particles at a higher temperature move faster than tempetures of a lower temperature

Question 6

What Systems can be used to Identify Matter?

Answer 6

1. Is it a solid, liquid or gas?
   States of Matter
2. Is it a mixture of pure substance?

Question 7

Changes of State in Substances

Answer 7

1. Melting
2. Freezing
3. Evaporation
4. Condensation
5. Sublimation
6. Deposition

Question 8

Melting

Answer 8

• Changing from a solid to a liquid
  Ex. ice melting

Question 9

Freezing

Answer 9

• Changing from a liquid to a solid
  Ex. water freezing into ice

Question 10

Evaporation

Answer 10

• Changing from a liquid to a gas
  Ex. water changing into gas

Question 11

Condensation

Answer 11

• Changing from a gas to a liquid
  Ex. water turning into gas

Question 12

Sublimation

Answer 12

• Changing from a solid to a gas
  Ex. dry ice turning into gas

Question 13

Deposition

Answer 13

• Changing from a gas to a solid
  Ex. frost

Question 14

Pure Substance

Answer 14

• Made up of one kind of matter
• Unique set of properties
• Either an element or a compound

Question 15

Element

Answer 15

• Material that cannot be broken down into any simpler substance
• On periodic table
  Ex. oxygen (O), helium (He), hydrogen (H)

Question 16

Compound

Answer 16

• When two or more elements combine chemically in specific fixed proportions
  Ex. water, (H20) carbon dioxide (C02)

Question 17

Mixture

Answer 17

• Combination of pure substances
• Substances do not combine chemically and are left in their original form

Question 18

Mechanical Mixture/ Heterogenous Substance

Answer 18

• Different substances that make up the mixture are visible
• Uniformly scattered
  Ex. soil, trail mix

Question 19

Solution

Answer 19

• Different substances that make up the mixture are not visible
• Not uniformly scattered
  Ex. coffee

Question 20

Aqueous Solution

Answer 20

• Substance dissolved in water
  Ex. sugar water

Question 21

Suspension

Question 22

Colloid

Answer 22

• Heterogenous mixtures composed of fine particles evenly distributed between a second substance
• Not easily separated
  Ex. ketchup, hair gel

Question 23

Emulsion

Answer 23

• Type of colloid where a liquid is dispersed in a liquid
  Ex. milk, jelly