Topic 1: Establishing Communist Rule (1949-1957)

Question 1

Industrial production in 1949 was only ?% of 1937?

Answer 1

44%

Question 2

Mao was quite cautious immediately after the revolution.

What was his view on the national bourgeoisie?

Answer 2

Mao understood that he woul dinitially need the help of businessmen and intellectuals to get the country running again.

Question 3

How many members of the PLA were ther in 1950?

Answer 3

5m

Question 4

How much of the state budget did the PLA accoutn for in 1950?

Answer 4

41%

Question 5

How many conscripts per year did the PLA recieve?

Answer 5

800,000 per year each of whom served for 3 years

Question 6

The PLA played a key role in Maoist ideaology.

What 3 things were they shown as via propaganda?

Answer 6

• Herioc
• Disciplined
• Self-Sacrificing

Question 7

Enhancign CCP Control:

The Great Terror ensued in Octoboer 1950.

How many were estimated to of been killed?

Answer 7

Around 28k

Question 8

The Korean War came at huge financial cost to the CCP.

What % of govt spending was used on military in 1951?

Answer 8

50%!

Question 9

The feeding of the huge PLA led to what?

Answer 9

-Requisitoning of Grain which led to famine

-

Question 10

Mao anying dies at the ‘hands’ of Peng Dehuai

What reaction does Mao have?

Answer 10

Mao takes the death badly

Perhaps ends his ability to empathise with suffering of others

Question 11

When was the Great Terror?

Answer 11

Oct 1950 - Oct 1951

Question 12

Why was the Great Terror Stopped?

Answer 12

The Great Terror was only stopeed beause the prisons were all full up!

Question 13

Mao’s suggestion about what is taken too seriously by Cadres?

Answer 13

Mao suggets that around 1/1000 ppl were “guilty”

This taken literally meant an estimated 1m “c-revs” were killed

Question 14

The encouragment of what kept fear and paranioa high?

Answer 14

Spying

• CCP used spies neighbourhood spies heavily
• Children encouraged to spy on parents

Question 15

the 3 and 5 anti campiagns were run by who?

Answer 15

Bo Yibo

Question 16

Lots of accusations were false duirng the 3and 5 anti campaigns as businessmen would use this to get rid of their rivals!

Rather than face this ublic humiliation, how many ppl were estimated to have committe suicide

Answer 16

upwards of 200k

Question 17

By 1953, how many people were in the laogai system?

Answer 17

2m

Question 18

How many tonnes of grain a year were produced by laogai prisoners by 1955?

Answer 18

around 350k tonnes

Question 19

What occured in the Laogai camps

Answer 19

Endless stuggles sessions and thought reform

Question 20

During the Mao years, how many people died in Laogai camps?

Answer 20

20-25m

Question 21

What was the rolse of the Danwei?

Answer 21

They were work/neighbourhood units

Ppl had to register with them to get jobs

Question 22

What was the role of the Dangon?

Answer 22

Contained details of anyone over the age of 15

Ppl couldn’t move houses without approval of cadres in the Dangon

Question 23

Just before the 100F campaign, what did Mao start to see as a problem?

Answer 23

Bureaucratism as a new problem

CCP cadres too remoed from people and acting in own interests

Question 24

What caused Mao to feel more instability in 1956?

Answer 24

There was a rebellion agaisnt communist control in Hungary in 1956

(Ruthlessly put down - 20k killed -K goes agaisnt his ‘liberal’ apporach to control)

Question 25

In 1956, Mao’s 100F campaign was blocked by other politburo members.

What does Mao do in repsonse?

Answer 25

Mao takes a 3 week tour of Eastern China to pitch his idea direcltyto regional and local CCP leaders

Apr 1957, politburo feel pressure and allow it

Question 26

When does Mao get fed up of the criticism faced during 100f?

Answer 26

Around May to July 1957: trickle of criticsm turns into floods

Question 27

How many were branded rightists?

Answer 27

aorund 500k

Question 28

Impact of 100F?

Answer 28

Opposition Silenced
Mao’s position unchallengable
Few willing to speak out - prob for GLF
- many lose jobs and 5m out of schools - Mao knows he needs big push (glf)

Question 29

Examples of CCP using terror and control

Answer 29

Danwei - controlled by cadre - registration process allowed party to pry to an etent never before seen

Every Individual given a Class Label - ‘good’, ‘bad’

Dangan - A dossier containing detailed information about anyone who come to the attention of the party

Question 30

Two important names in refernce to the ‘Great Terror’

Answer 30

Tao Zhu
Lou Ruiqing

Question 31

How many die in Great Terror

Answer 31

710k - 2m

Question 32

What was a singificant impact of the Great Terror

Answer 32

Inreased Suspicsion and fear throughout China