Topic 1 - Energy Flashcards
Eight types of energy stores
thermal, kinetic, Gravitational potential, Elastic potential, Chemical, Magnetic, Electrostatic, Nuclear
What is a System
A system is a single object or a group of objects.
What happens when a system changes
system changes, energy is transferred.
either transferred into or away from the system.
how is energy stored in kinetic energy stores
Anything moving is stored in kinetic stores
when speeds up the energy to the store
when slows down energy stored away the stored
Kinetic energy equation
K= 1/2MV² k = Kinetic energy (J) M = Mass (Kg) V = Speed (m/s)²
what are Gravitational Energy stores (raising)
Raising object stores it in gravitational energy stores
Lifting object requires work
The higher the object goes the more energy stored in GP
Gravitational Potential Energy equation
P = MGH P = G.P.E (J) M = Mass(Kg) G = Gravitational field strength (N/Kg) H = Height (m)
conversion energy of a falling g.p.e store
falling, energy from its G.P.E store is transfer into kinetic energy
Elastic energy stores
Stretching or squashing an object can transfer its energy to elastic potential energy
Elastic Potential Equation
E = 1/2Ke² E = Elastic potential (J) k = Spring constant (N/m) e = Extension (m)²
what is Specific Heat Capacity
it is how hard it is to heat something up. the amount the energy needed to heat an object up by 1°c of a mass of 1Kg
why do Different materials have different SHC
more energy is transferred to the thermal energy store to increase their temperature than others.
SHC Equation
ΔE = mcΔθ Δ = Change in thermal energy (J) M = mass (Kg) C = specific Heat capicity (J/Kg°c) θ = temp change (°c)
Conservation of energy principle
Energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but can never be created or destroyed
How to calculate the power
p = e/t p = power (W) e = energy transferred (J) t = time (S)
How to reduce the unwanted energy transfers
lubrication reduces frictional forces
Insulation reduces the rate of energy transferred by heat
How is conduction measured
measured by how quickly energy is transferred through a material.
what is Efficiency
efficiency is when energy is transferred and it has a high amount of useful energy
How to calculate the efficiency
efficiency = useful output energy/ total input energy
what is doing work
its another word for energy transferred.
