Topic 1: Characteristics and classification of living organisms

Question 1

Movement

Answer 1

an action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place.

Question 2

Respiration

Answer 2

the chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy for metabolism

Question 3

Sensitivity

Answer 3

the ability to detect or react and make a reponse

Question 4

Growth

Answer 4

a permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both

Question 5

Reproduction

Answer 5

the processes that make more of the same kind of organism.

Question 6

Excretion

Answer 6

the removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of metabolim and substances in excess of requirments

Question 7

Nutrition

Answer 7

the taking in of materials for energy, growth and development.

Question 8

Organism

Answer 8

a system or organization consisting of interdependent parts, compared to a living being.

Question 9

Species

Answer 9

To reproduce to produce fertile offsrpings

Question 10

Binomial system

Answer 10

The biological system of naming the organisms in which the name is composed of two terms, where, the first term indicates the genus and the second term indicates the species of the organism.

Question 11

Vertebrate

Answer 11

Living organisms with backbones.

Question 12

Invertebrate

Answer 12

Living organisms without backbones.

Question 13

mammals

Answer 13

They have four limbs and are characterised by the presence of hair or fur, and mammary glands.

Question 14

birds

Answer 14

a group of warm-blooded vertebrates feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.

Question 15

reptiles

Answer 15

any member of the class Reptilia, the group of air-breathing vertebrates that have internal fertilization, amniotic development, and epidermal scales covering part or all of their body.

Question 16

amphibians

Answer 16

any organism that is able to live both on land and in water.

Question 17

fish

Answer 17

They have a smooth-streamlined shape with fins for movement and are covered in overlapping scales. Fish have gills for breathing

Question 18

Myriapods

Answer 18

Body consists of many segments each segment contains 1 pair of joint legs and 1 pair of anntane.

Question 19

insects

Answer 19

3 part body and 3 pairs of jointed legs 2 pair of wings and one pair of anntane.

Question 20

arachnids

Answer 20

2 part of the body , 4 pairs of jointed legs and no anntane

Question 21

crustaceans

Answer 21

More than 4 pairs of jointed legs and 2 pairs of anntane.

Question 22

Animal

Answer 22

A biological kingdom consisting of multicellular organisms that do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts.

Question 23

Plant

Answer 23

ferns and flowering plants. Do not produce flowers/seeds. They are plants with roots, stems and feathery leaves. Reproduce by spores.

Question 24

Fungus

Answer 24

Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms such as yeasts, moulds and mushrooms. These organisms are classified under kingdom fungi. The organisms found in Kingdom fungi contain a cell wall

Question 25

Prokaryote

Answer 25

A prokaryotic cell does not contain a nucleus.

Question 26

Protoctist

Answer 26

any unicellular or simple multicellular organism\

Question 27

cytoplasm

Answer 27

the cytoplasm is a solvent in which chemical reactions take place. Enzymes are found in the cytoplasm.

Question 28

cell membrane

Answer 28

A partially permeable barrier that surrounds the cell.

Question 29

DNA

Answer 29

the chemical that makes up the genetic material of humans.

Question 30

Ribosomes

Answer 30

protein that converts genetic code into chains of amino acids.”

Question 31

ferns

Answer 31

Ferns are a simple type of a plant which contains leaves, an underground stem, and roots of its own. The leaves of a fern are called fronds. Ferns do not produce flowers as they are non-flowering plants.

Question 32

flowering plants

Answer 32

Reproduce sexually by means of flowers and seeds Seeds are produced inside the ovary found at the base of the flower Can be divided into two groups – monocotyledons and dicotyledons

Question 33

dicotyledons

Answer 33

- 2 cotyledons - multiples 4 or 5 petals - reticulated leaf veins Reticulated = form a web-like network throughout the leaf - have broader leaves that come in a wide range of shape

Question 34

monocotleydon

Answer 34

- 1 cotyledon - multiples of 3 petals - -parallel leaf veins - Narrow leaves.

Question 35

Virus

Answer 35

Viruses are non-cellular, microscopic infectious agents that can only replicate inside a host cell.

Question 36

Dichotomous key

Answer 36

a scientific tool used to identify and categorize different organisms or objects based on a series of choices that lead the user to the correct name or classification.

Question 37

What are classification used for

Answer 37

group different species by their bionimnal name which is theior genus and species ex( homo sapians)

Question 38

what are the five classification kingdoms

Answer 38

Animals PLants Prokarytes Protocista Fungus

Question 39

How do we classify living organisms

Answer 39

Domain Kingdom Phylum CLass Order Family Genus Species