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Expected biology 2015 gcse > Topic 1 - Cells > Flashcards

Topic 1 - Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the cytoplasm

A

This is where chemical reactions take place

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2
Q

What is the cell membrane

A

Controls the transport of molecules in and out of the cell

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3
Q

What is the chloroplast

A

Contains the green pigment chlorophyll to attract sunlight

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4
Q

What is the cell wall

A

It gives the plan it’s structure

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5
Q

What is the vacuole

A

This contains the cell sap

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6
Q

What are stem cells

A

Unspecialised cells which can turn into any cell in your body used for repair

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7
Q

What are the advantages of stem cells

A

No risk of rejection

It is ethical

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8
Q

What is an advantage of embryonic stem cells

A

The cone from developing embryos

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9
Q

What are the disadv ranges of embryonic stem cells

A

Anti rejection drugs will be required to use when taking

It is considered unethical as its stop the embryo from becoming life

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10
Q

What is the nucleus ?

A

It controls the cell

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11
Q

What are proteins

A

Composed of different amino acids linked together to form a chain

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12
Q

What are enzymes

A

Biological catalysts which speed up the rate of chemical reactions and are made from proteins

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13
Q

What is it called where the enzyme joined to the substrate

A

Active site

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14
Q

What is the active site

A

The piece of the enzyme that joins to the substrate

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15
Q

What is it called when the substrate joins the active site

A

Enzyme substrate complex

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16
Q

What is a light microscope ?

A

Works by using lenses to magnify an image

17
Q

What is an electron microscope?

A

Works by using electrons to magnify an image

18
Q

How does bacteria reproduce?

A

Asexually by dividing and splitting into two

19
Q

How does a yeast cell produce?

A

Budding

20
Q

How does a virus reproduce?

A

Inside a living host cell

21
Q

What does DNA stand for

A

Deoxyribose nucleic acid

22
Q

What is the lock and key hypothesis?

A

The active site specifically matches the shape of the substrate molecule

23
Q

What effects enzyme activity?

A

Temperature and PH

24
Q

What is the optimum temperature

A

The temperature at which the enzyme is able to work best

25
Q

What happens when you boil the enzyme ?

A

It becomes denatured

26
Q

Draw a plant cell

A 
Cell membrane
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
Nucleus
27
Q

Draw a bacterial cell

A 
Dan strands 
Cell membrane 
Cell wall
Capsule 
Flagellum
28
Q

Draw an algae cell

A

Eye spot
Vacuole
Nucleus
Flagellum

29
Q

Draw a yeast cell

A 
Good storage granule 
Vacuole
Cytoplasm 
Cell membrane
Cell wall
30
Q

Draw a virus

A

Envelope
Spikes
Protein coat

31
Q

Why does a virus not fit cell theory?

A

Because it does not divide to reproduce

32
Q

What do biological washing powders do?

A

Work by breaking down the large insoluble food stains on your clothes into smaller soluble molecules which can be washed out

Expected biology 2015 gcse (7 decks)

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