topic 1 - cell biology

Question 1

what is the nucleus

Answer 1

contains genetic info and controls all activities within the cell

Question 2

what is the cytoplasm

Answer 2

it’s where most of the chemical reaction

Question 3

what is the cell membrane

Answer 3

holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out ;)

Question 4

mitochondria

Answer 4

where the reactions for aerobic respiration takes place

nah jk

powerhouse of the cell

Question 5

ribosomes

Answer 5

where proteins are made

Question 6

cell wall

Answer 6

rigid structure made of cellulose. supports and strengthens cell

rigid basically = hard

Question 7

permanent vacuole

Answer 7

contains cell sap

noice.

Question 8

chloroplast

Answer 8

where photosynthesis happens. has a green thing called chlorophyll

Question 9

bacterial cells

Answer 9

bacteria are prokaryotes. doesn’t have a nucleus but has its dna floating freely within it. they also have plasmids.

Question 10

light microscopes

Answer 10

uses light and a lenses to form an image of a specimen and magnify.

basically poor man equipment

Question 11

electron microscopes

Answer 11

uses electrons. superior magnifications and resolution. stupidly expensive ngl

only alphas use this

Question 12

resolution

Answer 12

the ability to distinguish between two points.

can’t believe i just said “the ability”

Question 13

what is a specialised cell?

Answer 13

it’s something that performs a specific function. most cells are specialised and it can look very different compared to ur textbook model.

Question 14

cell differentiation

Answer 14

the process which a cell changes to become specialised for its job

Question 15

ex. of specialised cells

Answer 15

sperm cells ;)
nerve cells
muscle cells
root hair cells
phloem and xylem cells

Question 16

chorosomes

Answer 16

they are long lengths of dna. dna is coiled up to form the arms of the chromosome

Question 17

mitosis

Answer 17

mitosis is when a cell reproduces itself by splitting to form two identical offspring

Question 18

what are stem cells

Answer 18

stem cells are undifferentiated cells, can be used in medicine

v underrated imo

Question 19

diffusion

Answer 19

diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

farts.

Question 20

what is the rate of diffusion affected by?

Answer 20

the concentration gradient
the temp
the surface area

Question 21

osmosis

Answer 21

osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Question 22

active transport

Answer 22

active transport is the movement of particles against a concentration gradient using energy transferred during respiration

Question 23

magnification

Answer 23

image / actual