Topic 1: Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table

Question 1

What is the chemical symbol of Sodium?

Answer 1

Na

Question 2

What is a compound?

Answer 2

Two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions.

Question 3

What does a chemical reaction ALWAYS involve?

Answer 3

The formation of one or more substances

Question 4

What do chemical reactions OFTEN involve?

Answer 4

An energy change

Question 5

True or false: Compounds can only be separated into elements via chemical reactions.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

What is a mixture?

Answer 6

2 or more elements or compounds which are NOT chemically combined

Question 7

Name 5 different ways mixtures can be separated.

Answer 7

Filtration
Crystallisation
Simple Distillation
Fractional Distillation
Chromatography

Question 8

What sort of processes can mixtures be separated by?

Answer 8

Physical processes

Question 9

What was the first development in atom theory?

Answer 9

That atoms were tiny spheres that CANNOT be divided

Question 10

What theory was behind the Plum Pudding Model?

Answer 10

That the atom is a ball of positive change embedded with negative electrons

Question 11

What was concluded in the Alpha Particle Scattering Experiment?

Answer 11

That an atom’s mass is concentrated at the centre (in the nucleus) and that the nucleus is charged

Question 12

What happened in the Alpha Particle Scattering Experiment?

Answer 12

A beam of alpha particles were aimed at a piece of thin gold foil and their passage through was detected and observed
Some of the alpha particles emerged from the foil at different angles, and some came straight back
Positively charged alpha particles were repelled and deflected by a small concentration of positively charge in the atom’s nucleus

Question 13

What was Neil Bohr’s theory?

Answer 13

Electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances (Bohr’s theory has supporting data)

Question 14

What was found in later atom model experiments?

Answer 14

Positive charge of any nucleus could be subdivided into smaller particles, which have equal amounts of positive charge (protons)

Question 15

What did James Chadwick’s work do?

Answer 15

Provided evidence to show the existence of neutrons within the Nucleus

Question 16

What is an atomic number?

Answer 16

The number of protons in an atom of an element

Question 17

All atoms of a particular element have the ___________ number of protons

Answer 17

Same

Question 18

All atoms of different elements have ___________ numbers of protons.

Answer 18

Different

Question 19

What is the relative charge of a proton?

Answer 19

+1

Question 20

What is the relative charge of a neutron?

Answer 20

0

Question 21

What is the relative charge of an electron?

Answer 21

-1

Question 22

What is an atoms overall charge?

Answer 22

0

Question 23

What is the number of protons equal to?

Answer 23

Number of protons = Number of electrons

Question 24

What is the radius of an atom?

Answer 24

0.1nm

Question 25

What is the relative mass of a proton?

Answer 25

1

Question 26

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 26

1

Question 27

What is the mass number?

Answer 27

The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 28

What are isotopes?

Answer 28

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 29

What is an atomic number equal to?

Answer 29

Atomic number = Number of protons

Question 30

What how do you calculate a mass number?

Answer 30

Mass number= number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 31

Define Relative Atomic Mass.

Answer 31

An average value that takes account of the abundance of isotopes of the element

Question 32

Who were the 2 creators of the 2 early periodic tables?

Answer 32

John Newlands Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 33

Metals in the periodic table are elements that react to form ______ ions

Answer 33

Positive

Question 34

Non-metals in the periodic table are elements that __________ form _________ ions

Answer 34

Do Not Positive

Question 35

Where are metals found on the periodic table?

Answer 35

Left towards the bottom of the periodic table.

Question 36

Where are Non-Metals found on the periodic table?

Answer 36

Towards the right and top of the periodic table

Question 37

What are Group 1 elements called?

Answer 37

The Alkali Metsld

Question 38

What do group 1 metals strongly react to?

Answer 38

Water

Question 39

True or False: The Group 1 reactivity increases going down the group.

Answer 39

True

Question 40

What do group 1 elements react with oxygen to make?

Answer 40

An oxide

Question 41

How many electrons do group 1 elements have in their outer shell?

Answer 41

1

Question 42

What is the name of Group 0 elements?

Answer 42

The noble gases

Question 43

True or false: Group 0 elements don’t have full outer shells

Answer 43

False, Group 0 elements (incl Helium) have full outer shells

Question 44

Are Noble Gases unreactive?

Answer 44

Yes, Noble Gases ARE UNREACTIVE

Question 45

Group 0 elements have a __________ arrangement of electrons.

Answer 45

Stable

Question 46

In Group 0 elements, the boiling points of noble gases increase with what going down the group?

Answer 46

Relative Atomic Mass

Question 47

What are the Group 7 elements called?

Answer 47

The Halogens

Question 48

How many electrons do the halogens have in their outer shell?

Answer 48

7

Question 49

In group 7, what do non-metals exist as?

Answer 49

Molecules made from pairs of atoms (like Cl2)

Question 50

What do group 7 elements react with metals to make?

Answer 50

Ionic Compounds

Question 51

What do group 7 elements react with non-metals to create?

Answer 51

Covalent compounds with a a shared pair of electrons

Question 52

What 3 things increase whilst going down group 7?

Answer 52

Increases: Melting point Boiling point Relative Molecular Mass

Question 53

Does reactivity increase or decrease going down group 7?

Answer 53

Decreases

Question 54

What does a group 7 decrease in reactivity mean?

Answer 54

A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen in an aqueous solution of its salt.

Question 55

The transition elements compared to group one, are 3 things:

Answer 55

Harder/stronger Generally have higher melting points (bar Mercury) and higher densities Less reactive

Question 56

What are transition metals useful for?

Answer 56

Being a catalyst in a reaction to speed it up.

Question 57

The transition elements have ions with many different charges. True or False?

Answer 57

True

Question 58

True or false: “The transition elements form coloured compounds”

Answer 58

True.