Topic 1 - Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table

Question 1

what is in the centre of an atom

Answer 1

nucleus

Question 2

where are the electrons in an atom found

Answer 2

arranged in electron shells that surround the nucleus

Question 3

where are protons and neutrons found

Answer 3

in the nucleus

Question 4

what charge is protons

Answer 4

+1

Question 5

what charge is neutrons

Answer 5

0

Question 6

what charge is electrons

Answer 6

-1

Question 7

what is the overall charge of an atom

Answer 7

no overall charge because the electrons and protons cancel each other out

Question 8

atomic number

Answer 8

number of protons in the atom

Question 9

mass number

Answer 9

total number of protons and neutrons

Question 10

isotope

Answer 10

atoms of the same element but have different mass - they have the same atomic number but they have different masses/different number of neutrons

Question 11

relative mass of an isotope

Answer 11

the isotopes mass numbers

Question 12

relative atomic mass (RAM)

Answer 12

the mean mass of an atom of an element

Question 13

RAM of an isotope calculation

Answer 13

RAM = (%isotope x mass of isotope) + (%isotope x mass of isotope)
100

Question 14

on an atom which is on the top answer which is on the bottom (atomic number and mass number)

Answer 14

atomic mass number is on top
atomic number is on the bottom

Question 15

how are the elements arranged in the modern periodic table

Answer 15

in order of increasing atomic number

Question 16

what are the horizontal columns in the periodic table called

Answer 16

period/row

Question 17

how are the elements grouped

Answer 17

similar chemical properties

Question 18

where are the non-metals on a periodic table

Answer 18

on the right side of the stair case

Question 19

what are the vertical columns in the periodic table called

Answer 19

groups

Question 20

electron configuration meaning

Answer 20

the way in which an atoms electrons are arranged

Question 21

what is the general electron configuration

Answer 21

2.8.8

Question 22

how can you figure out the group number of an element

Answer 22

the number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 23

how do you figure out what row/period an elements in

Answer 23

the number of electron shell’s that the element has

Question 24

how many groups are there

Answer 24

8

Question 25

what’s special about the number of electrons in group 8

Answer 25

the elements in group 8 always have a full outer shell

Question 26

why did Mendeleev swap the positions of iodine and tellurium in his periodic table

Answer 26

To align iodine with elements that share similar chemical properties

Question 27

why did Mendeleev gaps in his periodic table?

Answer 27

To make predictions about the properties of undiscovered elements based on the properties of nearby elements