Topic 1 - Atomic Structure

Question 1

Dalton model

Answer 1

• Atoms are tiny particles that cannot be created, destroyed or divided

Question 2

All models

Answer 2

• Dalton
• Nuclear
• 1st Bohr
• Modern Bohr with neutron

Question 3

What increases as you go along Mendeleev’s periodic table

Answer 3

• Atomic weight

Question 4

How did Mendeleev predict elements existance

Answer 4

• He based it off other elements in the same group

Question 5

What made Mendeleev’s table wrong?

Answer 5

• No isotopes

Question 6

Ammonium

Answer 6

NH4 +

Question 7

Nitrate

Answer 7

NO3 -

Question 8

Hydroxide

Answer 8

OH -

Question 9

Carbonate

Answer 9

CO3 -2

Question 10

Sulphate

Answer 10

SO4 -2

Question 11

Phosphate

Answer 11

PO4 -3

Question 12

Ionic compound as a lattice structure:

Answer 12

• Regular arrangement
• Held together by strong electrostatic forces

Question 13

Ionic

Answer 13

• Metal + Non
• High boiling point
• Conducts electricity when melted
• Soluble in water

Question 14

Covalent

Answer 14

• 2 Non-metals
• Low boiling
• Insoluble in water
• Doesn’t conduct electricity

Question 15

Giant Covalent

Answer 15

• 2 Non-metals
• High boiling
• Insoluble in water
• MOST do not conduct electricity

Question 16

Metallic

Answer 16

• 2 Metals
• High boiling
• Insoluble in water
• Conducts electricity

Question 17

Diamond

Answer 17

• C atoms are bonded to 4 other C atoms
• High boiling
• Cannot conduct electricity
• Hard

Question 18

Graphite

Answer 18

• C atoms are bonded to 3 other C atoms
• High boiling
• Conducts electricity
• Soft

Question 19

C60 fullerene

Answer 19

• 60 C atoms in spherical shape
• Stick together by sharing electrons

Question 20

Graphene fullerene

Answer 20

• 2D sheet of carbon
• Strong bonds

Question 21

Properties of metals:

Answer 21

• Malleable
• Ductile
• Highly conductive
• High boiling
• Dense

Question 22

Limit of dot-and-cross diagram

Answer 22

• cannot show true shape of molecules

Question 23

Limit of ball-and-stick diagram

Answer 23

• makes atoms and bonds appear bigger

Question 24

Limit of 2D diagrams

Answer 24

• misses important details

Question 25

Limit of 3D diagrams

Answer 25

• not clear on bonds

Question 26

How to determine empirical formula

Answer 26

• Heat to react with air
• Calc change in mass to calc oxygen

Question 27

Law of Conservation of Mass in
- A closed system

Answer 27

• Mass is equal before and after precipitation

Question 28

Low of Conservation of Mass in
- A non-enclosed system

Answer 28

• During gas evolution reaction, mass is constant before and after gas produced is dissipated

Question 29

Explain why, in a reaction, the mass of product formed is controlled by the mass of the reactant which is not in excess

Answer 29

• Mass is related to amount of reactant had, which if limited, controls amount of mass