Topic 1 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
1
Q
Dalton model
A
- Atoms are tiny particles that cannot be created, destroyed or divided
2
Q
All models
A
- Dalton
- Nuclear
- 1st Bohr
- Modern Bohr with neutron
3
Q
What increases as you go along Mendeleev’s periodic table
A
- Atomic weight
4
Q
How did Mendeleev predict elements existance
A
- He based it off other elements in the same group
5
Q
What made Mendeleev’s table wrong?
A
- No isotopes
6
Q
Ammonium
A
NH4 +
7
Q
Nitrate
A
NO3 -
8
Q
Hydroxide
A
OH -
9
Q
Carbonate
A
CO3 -2
10
Q
Sulphate
A
SO4 -2
11
Q
Phosphate
A
PO4 -3
12
Q
Ionic compound as a lattice structure:
A
- Regular arrangement
- Held together by strong electrostatic forces
13
Q
Ionic
A
- Metal + Non
- High boiling point
- Conducts electricity when melted
- Soluble in water
14
Q
Covalent
A
- 2 Non-metals
- Low boiling
- Insoluble in water
- Doesn’t conduct electricity
15
Q
Giant Covalent
A
- 2 Non-metals
- High boiling
- Insoluble in water
- MOST do not conduct electricity
16
Q
Metallic
A
- 2 Metals
- High boiling
- Insoluble in water
- Conducts electricity
17
Q
Diamond
A
- C atoms are bonded to 4 other C atoms
- High boiling
- Cannot conduct electricity
- Hard
18
Q
Graphite
A
- C atoms are bonded to 3 other C atoms
- High boiling
- Conducts electricity
- Soft
19
Q
C60 fullerene
A
- 60 C atoms in spherical shape
- Stick together by sharing electrons
20
Q
Graphene fullerene
A
- 2D sheet of carbon
- Strong bonds
21
Q
Properties of metals:
A
- Malleable
- Ductile
- Highly conductive
- High boiling
- Dense
22
Q
Limit of dot-and-cross diagram
A
- cannot show true shape of molecules
23
Q
Limit of ball-and-stick diagram
A
- makes atoms and bonds appear bigger
24
Q
Limit of 2D diagrams
A
- misses important details
25
Limit of 3D diagrams
- not clear on bonds
26
How to determine empirical formula
- Heat to react with air
- Calc change in mass to calc oxygen
27
Law of Conservation of Mass in
- A closed system
- Mass is equal before and after precipitation
28
Low of Conservation of Mass in
- A non-enclosed system
- During gas evolution reaction, mass is constant before and after gas produced is dissipated
29
Explain why, in a reaction, the mass of product formed is controlled by the mass of the reactant which is not in excess
- Mass is related to amount of reactant had, which if limited, controls amount of mass
