Topic 1 Atomic Model, Isotopes etc Flashcards
Describe the features of Bohr’s atomic model
Energy levels which house the electrons,
Dense positive nucleus,
Mostly empty space, most mass concentrated in the nucleus.
What is the definition of an isotope
Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons in its nucleus
What is the definition of the relative isotopic mass
The mass of one atom of an isotope compared to the mass of 1/12th of a carbon-12 atom
What is the definition of the relative atomic mass
The average mass of all the atoms in a sample of an element compared to the mass of 1/12th of a carbon-12 atom.
What does mass spectrometry show
The number of isotopes an element has,
the mass of each of them,
the abundance of each of them.
What is the definition of isotopes
Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What are the three naturally occurring isotopes of hydrogen?
Hydrogen, Deuterium, Tritium
What does the number of peaks on the mass spectrum of an element tell you?
How many different isotopes there are in the sample of the element
What does the position of each peak on the x-axis (m/z) of the mass spectrum of an element tell you?
The further right the peak is, the higher Mass : Charge ratio it has (AKA the higher mass number it has)
What does the height of each peak on the mass spectrum of an element tell you?
The abundance of that isotope
How can the data obtained from the mass spectrum of an element be used to calculate the relative atomic mass of an element?
It tells you the mass number of each isotope, and the abundance of each isotope, which can be used to find an average mass of all the isotopes, which can then be compared to the mass of 1/12 of a carbon-12 atom
What is the definition of a nuclear fusion reaction?
Two or more nuclei joining together to create one heavier nucleus
Why does nuclear fusion only occur at extremely high temperatures (and pressures)?
Overcoming the repulsion of two positive nuclei requires an extreme amount of kinetic energy created by the high temperature and pressure.
How should a nuclear equation to represent a nuclear fusion process be written?
Atomic symbols of all nuclei added together –> The atomic symbol of the heavier nucleus formed.
