Topic 1 Flashcards
History of the Formula Feed Industry
What allowed the first opportunity for the formula feed industry to be of service?
The great demand for horse and mule feed
- as people traveled across the country, people determined that what their animals ate affected their performance.
In the late 1800s, livery stables were almost as common as service stations are today!
History of the Feed Industry
Describe why consumers became more interested in buying commercially made food
Once it was known there was a target for what animals should consume, customers became more interested in buying food that met those specifications
History of the Feed Industry
Who, in 1810 developed the 1st feed standard?
Thaer
History of the Feed Industry
What/who developed the proximate analysis system (moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash)?
We use this to determine the basic nutritional components of the diet
Weende Experiment Station
History of the Feed Industry
Who, in 1864 published the first feeding standard based on digestible nutrients?
Wolff
History of the Feed Industry
Who, in the late 19th century developed a feeding standard that was used for 50 years?
Henry and Morrison
History of the Feed Industry
What organization, in 1944 developed feed standards for different species?
These standards are still used and are the basis for nutritional decision making today
National Research Council (NRC)
History of the Formula Feed Industry
What influenced the need for an animal food industry? (hint: think leftovers)
The growth of industrial processing for human foods. The feed industry was spawned from the necessity to dispose of these human food by-products.
However, chemical analysis of these “waste” by-products confirmed basic nutritional value (that could be fed to animals)
These pressures of the supply and demand chain created the formula feed industry we now recognize today.
Backstory:
The original milling operations were those that ground corn and wheat for human consumption and located along rivers (using waterpower to create the energy needed for milling)
As the industries of wheat/corn milling, meat packing, milk processing, and oilseed processing grew, waste materials that were dumped in rivers and streams were stopped by governmental laws!
History of Ingredients
Without the influx of byproducts, the animal feed industry would likely not have developed into the industry we see today…
Influential By-Products
Molasses, 1850
First used in Europe in the 1850’s
Made from sugarcane or beet production
History of Ingredients
Influential By-Products
Meat Scraps, 1890
From the packing industry, first dried and used as fertilizer until research showed that they were a good source of protein and could be fed to animals.
History of Ingredients
Influential By-Products
Brewers by-products, 1900
By-products from the brewing distilling industries began use in 1900
History of Ingredients
Influential By-Products
Soybean Meal, 1922
First produced in the US in 1922, and it has played a KEY ROLE in developments within the animal feed industry
Introduction of as a high energy, low fiber diets for broilers and layers led to the production of hihg-protein soybean meals in the 1950’s
Now, soybean meal is considered a key ingredient for most feed mills rather than a by-product.
Similar energy demands, led to the use of rendered animal fat
History of Ingredients
Influential By-Products
Rendered Animal Fats, 1954
Synthetic Amino Acids, late 1970’s (1977)
Ethanol DDGS (Distiller Grains), 1980
-significant feed ingredient in the past 20 years as ethanol production has increased to meet consumer demand for alternative energy sources
There are still byproducts that come out today and slowly make their way into the feed industry, but these mentioned in class are historically the biggest
Top Global Feed Producers
USA
China
Brazil, India
Top Global Produced Feed by Species
- Poultry (Broilers, Layers)
- Swine
- Ruminant (Dairy and Beef)
- Aqua
- Pet Feed
