Top Rank (Dev Psych) Flashcards
Babies learn to hold their heads up before they learn to walk. This is an example of _________ development.
Cephalocaudal
__________ development occurs from the middle outward.
Proximodistal
Typically, infants can perceive depth in both real life and pictures by:
6 months of age
The speed or efficiency with which infants show habituation has been shown to predict outcomes in behaviors such as language acquisition and verbal and nonverbal intelligence.
True
In general, women who breastfeed have:
a) Lower rates of breast and ovarian cancer
b) Uterine contractions that help the uterus regain its normal size
c) Reduced risk of developing Type 2 diabetes
According to figures from the World Health Organization and UNICEF, 1 child in every 13 children in the world suffers from some form of wasting disease.
True
In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, a framework for organizing information is referred to as a(n):
Exemplar
The first stage of cognitive development in Piaget’s theory is the:
Sensorimotor period
Hiromi sees a toy car under the kitchen table and then crawls, reaches, and grabs the toy. Which of Piaget’s substages is she illustrating here?
Coordination of secondary circular reactions
Rahul has a basic understanding that objects can be used as symbols and can solve problems using mental strategies, remember and repeat something heard days before, and engage in pretend play. Which of Piaget’s substages is he in?
Beginning of representational thought
Your book defines “language” as:
A system of communication that uses symbols in a regular way to create meaning
We use contextual information, the information surrounding language, to help us interpret it. Examples of contextual information include:
a) Our own knowledge
b) Facial expressions
c) Gestures
Thinking that a label applies to all objects that are similar to the original object, such as thinking that “Mama” applies to every woman regardless of her relation to you, is called:
Overextension
Utterances such as “Mommy go” or “Daddy shoe” are examples of:
Telegraphic speech
Which of the following research findings supports the idea that language is not solely learned from our environment?
a)Children say things (such as errors like “eated”) that they have never heard other people say
b)Children may learn languages better than they ever hear them
c)Children learn words too fast for them to be learned through reinforcement
________ believed we learn language due to a hardwired knowledge of the rules of language that is part of our biological makeup.
Chomsky
In Chess and Thomas’ system for classifying infant temperaments, which type is most common?
Easy
Which of the following is NOT a self-conscious emotion?
a)Doubt
b)Envy
c) Disgust
d) Pride
c) Disgust
Which of the following situations could result in the infant failing to successfully resolve the crisis of Trust vs. Mistrust?
a)A caregiver is unavailable, either emotionally or physically
b)A child is born prematurely or has medical problems
c)A caregiver is ill-prepared to care for a child
All of the above
In the Strange Situation, a child with a disorganized attachment will typically:
Behave in inconsistent ways, such as approaching the mother
In the Strange Situation, a child with an ambivalent attachment will typically:
Cling to the caregiver, be upset when the caregiver leaves, but remain upset when the caregiver returns
During the Strange Situation, Nnenne clings to her mother, is upset when her mother leaves, but does not calm down her mother returns. Her attachment style can best be described as:
Ambivalent
During the Strange Situation, Iyad seems disoriented in the environment, is upset when his mother leaves, but ignores her when she returns. His attachment style can best be described as:
Disorganized
A(n) _________ attachment occurs when the caregiver does not provide care and cannot be relied upon for comfort.
Avoidant
