Top Rank (Dev Psych)

Question 1

Babies learn to hold their heads up before they learn to walk. This is an example of _________ development.

Answer 1

Cephalocaudal

Question 2

__________ development occurs from the middle outward.

Answer 2

Proximodistal

Question 3

Typically, infants can perceive depth in both real life and pictures by:

Answer 3

6 months of age

Question 4

The speed or efficiency with which infants show habituation has been shown to predict outcomes in behaviors such as language acquisition and verbal and nonverbal intelligence.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

In general, women who breastfeed have:

Answer 5

a) Lower rates of breast and ovarian cancer
b) Uterine contractions that help the uterus regain its normal size
c) Reduced risk of developing Type 2 diabetes

Question 6

According to figures from the World Health Organization and UNICEF, 1 child in every 13 children in the world suffers from some form of wasting disease.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, a framework for organizing information is referred to as a(n):

Answer 7

Exemplar

Question 8

The first stage of cognitive development in Piaget’s theory is the:

Answer 8

Sensorimotor period

Question 9

Hiromi sees a toy car under the kitchen table and then crawls, reaches, and grabs the toy. Which of Piaget’s substages is she illustrating here?

Answer 9

Coordination of secondary circular reactions

Question 10

Rahul has a basic understanding that objects can be used as symbols and can solve problems using mental strategies, remember and repeat something heard days before, and engage in pretend play. Which of Piaget’s substages is he in?

Answer 10

Beginning of representational thought

Question 11

Your book defines “language” as:

Answer 11

A system of communication that uses symbols in a regular way to create meaning

Question 12

We use contextual information, the information surrounding language, to help us interpret it. Examples of contextual information include:

Answer 12

a) Our own knowledge
b) Facial expressions
c) Gestures

Question 13

Thinking that a label applies to all objects that are similar to the original object, such as thinking that “Mama” applies to every woman regardless of her relation to you, is called:

Answer 13

Overextension

Question 14

Utterances such as “Mommy go” or “Daddy shoe” are examples of:

Answer 14

Telegraphic speech

Question 15

Which of the following research findings supports the idea that language is not solely learned from our environment?

Answer 15

a)Children say things (such as errors like “eated”) that they have never heard other people say
b)Children may learn languages better than they ever hear them
c)Children learn words too fast for them to be learned through reinforcement

Question 16

________ believed we learn language due to a hardwired knowledge of the rules of language that is part of our biological makeup.

Answer 16

Chomsky

Question 17

In Chess and Thomas’ system for classifying infant temperaments, which type is most common?

Answer 17

Easy

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a self-conscious emotion?

a)Doubt
b)Envy
c) Disgust
d) Pride

Answer 18

c) Disgust

Question 19

Which of the following situations could result in the infant failing to successfully resolve the crisis of Trust vs. Mistrust?

a)A caregiver is unavailable, either emotionally or physically
b)A child is born prematurely or has medical problems
c)A caregiver is ill-prepared to care for a child

Answer 19

All of the above

Question 20

In the Strange Situation, a child with a disorganized attachment will typically:

Answer 20

Behave in inconsistent ways, such as approaching the mother

Question 21

In the Strange Situation, a child with an ambivalent attachment will typically:

Answer 21

Cling to the caregiver, be upset when the caregiver leaves, but remain upset when the caregiver returns

Question 22

During the Strange Situation, Nnenne clings to her mother, is upset when her mother leaves, but does not calm down her mother returns. Her attachment style can best be described as:

Answer 22

Ambivalent

Question 23

During the Strange Situation, Iyad seems disoriented in the environment, is upset when his mother leaves, but ignores her when she returns. His attachment style can best be described as:

Answer 23

Disorganized

Question 24

A(n) _________ attachment occurs when the caregiver does not provide care and cannot be relied upon for comfort.

Answer 24

Avoidant

Question 25

A(n) _________ attachment is often seen in children who have been abused.

Answer 25

Disorganized

Question 26

Greater development in the prefrontal cortex, the area of the brain behind the forehead, helps us to:

Answer 26

a) Understand how to play games, especially ones that involve strategy and planning
b) Control attention
c) Inhibit emotional outbursts

Question 27

Infants typically prefer to look at:

Answer 27

a) Faces instead of other patterns
b) Patterns instead of solid colors
c) Unusual images instead of familiar ones

Question 28

Which of the following fine motor skills could be seen in a 4-year-old, but not a 3-year-old?

Answer 28

Can cut out a picture using scissors

Question 29

Which of the following fine motor skills could be seen in a 5-year-old, but not a 4-year-old?

Answer 29

Using a knife to spread soft foods

Question 30

Which of the following gross motor skills could be seen in a 3-year-old, but not a 2-year-old?

Answer 30

Can pedal a tricycle

Question 31

Which of the following gross motor skills could be seen in a 4-year-old, but not a 3-year-old?

Answer 31

Throws a ball overhand with coordination

Question 32

Nyawira can build a block tower of more than 9 cubes. Assuming that her motor skill development is on track, this tells us that she must be at least ________ years old.

Answer 32

3

Question 33

Bowie is able to put on simple clothes without help. Assuming that his motor skill development is on track, this tells us that he must be at least ________ years old.

Answer 33

2

Question 34

Josh can copy a triangle. Assuming that his motor skill development is on track, this tells us that he must be at least ________ years old.

Answer 34

5

Question 35

Jessica can cut out a picture using scissors. Assuming that her motor skill development is on track, this tells us that she must be at least ________ years old.

Answer 35

4

Question 36

Minah can pedal a tricycle. Assuming that her motor skill development is on track, this tells us that she must be at least ________ years old.

Answer 36

3

Question 37

Catori can kick a ball without losing balance. Assuming that her motor skill development is on track, this tells us that she must be at least ________ years old.

Answer 37

2

Question 38

Peter can throw a ball overhand with coordination. Assuming that his motor skill development is on track, this tells us that he must be at least ________ years old.

Answer 38

4

Question 39

A sign that a child is ready for toilet training is that they:

Answer 39

a) Stay dry for periods of two hours or longer during the day
b) Can understand and follow basic directions
c) Complains about wet or dirty diapers

Question 40

All children need the same amount of sleep each night, regardless of age.

Answer 40

False

Question 41

The National Sleep Foundation recommends that toddlers get _________ of sleep per night.

Answer 41

11-14 hours

Question 42

Sexual behavior such as masturbation is not unusual in young children.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT recommended for encouraging the development of healthy eating habits in children?

Answer 43

Use dessert as a way to get children to eat healthy foods

Question 44

In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, the term “operational” refers to:

Answer 44

Logical manipulation of information

Question 45

Understanding that two people may have different desires regarding the same object is called:

Answer 45

Diverse-desires

Question 46

Karen has learned that adding “-ed” to the end of verbs is the standard way to make them past tense, so she adds “-ed” to all verbs, producing words like “swimmed” and “sleeped”. This process is called:

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a) Overgeneralization

Question 47

Karen has learned that adding “-ed” to the end of verbs is the standard way to make them past tense, so she adds “-ed” to all verbs, producing words like “swimmed” and “sleeped”. This process is called:

Answer 47

Undergeneralization