Top Meds Flashcards
Review what the tops meds are for: classification and indication.
1
Q
Classification and Indication:
acetaminophen
A
- Analgesic - to treat mild to moderate pain
- Antipyretic - to decrease a fever
2
Q
Classification and Indication:
acyclovir, tenofovir, valacyclovir
A
Antiviral - to treat viral infections.
ends in -vir
3
Q
Classification and Indication:
adenosine
(Immediate complication)
A
Antiarrhythmic given IV push - to convert supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) to normal sinus rhythm.
4
Q
Classification and Indication:
albuterol, levalbuterol
A
Short-acting bronchodilator (“rescue inhaler”) - to treat acute asthma attack or acute COPD exacerbation.
ends in -buterol
5
Q
Classification and Indication:
alendronate, risedronate
A
Antiosteoporotic - to treat osteoporosis and prevent fractures by increasing bone mass.
ends in -dronate
6
Q
Classification and Indication:
allopurinol
A
Antigout drug
- to prevent gout by decreasing uric acid levels
- to prevent high uric acid levels with chemotherapy
7
Q
Classification and Indication:
alprazolam
A
Benzodiazepine Anxiolytic (“downer”) - to treat anxiety.
ends in -lam
8
Q
Classification and Indication:
alteplase, streptokinase, tenecteplase
(Immediate complication)
A
Thrombolytic (“clot buster”) - to break up blood clots.
ends in -plase or -ase
9
Q
Classification and Indication:
aluminum hydroxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide
A
Antacid
- to treat acid indigestion
- to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
10
Q
Classification and Indication:
amiodarone
A
Antidysrhythmic given IV push - to treat or prevent life-threatening ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia.
11
Q
Classification and Indication:
amitriptyline, nortriptyline
A
Tricyclic antidepressant (“downer”) - to treat depression.
ends in -tyline
12
Q
Classification and Indication:
amlodipine, nifedipine
A
Calcium channel blocker (antihypertensive)
- to decrease BP and HR
- to treat angina
ends in -dipine
13
Q
Classification and Indication:
amoxicillin, penicillin V
A
Penicillin antibiotic - to treat infections.
ends in -cillin
14
Q
Classification and Indication:
apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban
A
Anticoagulant - to prevent blood clots.
ends in -aban or -an
15
Q
Classification and Indication:
aripiprazole
A
2nd generation Antipsychotic (“downer”) - to treat bipolar and schizophrenia.
16
Q
Classification and Indication:
aspart, human, lispro, glulisine
A
Rapid-acting insulin (antidiabetic) - to treat high blood sugar.
17
Q
Classification and Indication:
aspirin
A
- Antiplatelet: to prevent blood clots for MI
- NSAID (analgesic): to treat pain from arthritis and inflammation
Also called acetylsalicylic acid.
18
Q
Classification and Indication:
atenolol, carvedilol, metoprolol, nebivolol
A
Beta blocker (antihypertensive)
- to decrease BP and HR
- to prevent MI
ends in -lol
19
Q
Classification and Indication:
atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin
A
Antilipidemic - to treat and prevent high cholesterol for clients at risk for CVA and MI.
ends in -statin
20
Q
Classification and Indication:
atropine
(Immediate complication)
A
Antiarrhythmic given IV push
- increases the HR
- to treat heart blocks and symptomatic bradycardia
21
Q
Classification and Indication:
bacitracin/neomycin/polymyxin B
A
A triple antibiotic ointment - to prevent skin infections for minor cuts and injuries.
22
Q
Classification and Indication:
baclofen
A
Muscle relaxer - to treat muscle spasms.
23
Q
Classification and Indication:
beclomethasone, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisone
A
Corticosteroid (anti-inflammatory) - to decrease inflammation in a variety of conditions.
ends in -sone or -lone
24
Q
Classification and Indication:
benazepril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril
A
ACE inhibitor (antihypertensive)
- to decrease BP and HR
- to prevent MI
ends in -pril
25
# Classification and Indication:
benzonatate
**Antitussive** - to suppress a cough.
26
# Classification and Indication:
benztropine
**Antiparkinsonian** - to treat Parkinson's disease.
27
# Classification and Indication:
bisacodyl
**Laxative** - to treat and prevent constipation.
28
# Classification and Indication:
bismuth subsalicylate
**Antidiarrheal** - to treat diarrhea.
29
# Classification and Indication:
calcium chloride
**Electrolyte (vitamin) supplement** - to prevent osteoporosis.
30
# Classification and Indication:
carbamazepine
* **Anticonvulsant** - to prevent seizures
* **Mood stabilizer ("downer")** - to treat bipolar
31
# Classification and Indication:
carisoprodol
**Muscle relaxer** - to treat muscle spasms.
32
# Classification and Indication:
**_cef_**triaxone, **_ceph_**alexin
**Cephalosporin antibiotic** - to treat infections.
## Footnote
starts with _cef_- or _ceph_-
33
# Classification and Indication:
celecoxib
**NSAID** (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
* **Analgesic** - to treat mild to moderate pain
* **Antipyretic** - to decrease a fever
34
# Classification and Indication:
cetiri**_zine_**, levocetiri**_zine_**
**Antiallergy** - to treat allergy symptoms, hives and itching.
## Footnote
ends in _-zine_
35
# Classification and Indication:
chlor**_diaze_**poxide
**Benzodiazepine antianxiety ("downer")** - to treat anxiety.
## Footnote
has -_diaze_- in name
36
# Classification and Indication:
chole**_calciferol_**, ergo**_calciferol_**
**Vitamin D supplement**
* to treat low vitamin D levels
* to increase absorption of calcium
## Footnote
ends in -_calciferol_
37
# Classification and Indication:
cipro**_floxacin_**, vo**_floxacin_**
**Fluoroquinolone antibiotic** - to treat infections.
## Footnote
ends in -_floxacin_
38
# Classification and Indication:
citalo**_pram_**, escitalo**_pram_**
**SSRI antidepressant ("downer")** - to treat depression.
## Footnote
ends in -_pram_
39
# Classification and Indication:
clinda**_mycin_**, azithro**_mycin_**, vanco**_mycin_**
**Aminoglycoside antibiotic** - to treat very severe infections.
## Footnote
ends in -_mycin_
40
# Classification and Indication:
clonaze**_pam_**, diaze**_pam_**, loraze**_pam_**
**Benzodiazepine antianxiety ("downer")** - to treat anxiety
## Footnote
ends in -_pam_
41
# Classification and Indication:
clonidine
**Antihypertensive** - to treat high BP.
42
# Classification and Indication:
clopido**_grel_**, prasu**_grel_**
**Antiplatelet** - to prevent blood clots.
## Footnote
ends in -_grel_
43
# Classification and Indication:
clotrim**_azole_**, flucon**_azole_**
**Antifungal** - to treat fungal infections: candidiasis, yeast infections.
## Footnote
ends in -_azole_
44
# Classification and Indication:
codeine
**Opioid analgesic** - to treat mild to moderately severe pain.
45
# Classification and Indication:
colchicine
**Antigout drug** - to treat and prevent gout by decreasing uric acid levels.
46
# Classification and Indication:
cyanocobalamin
**Vitamin B12** - to treat pernicious anemia.
47
# Classification and Indication:
cyclobenzaprine
**Muscle relaxer** - to treat muscle spasms.
48
# Classification and Indication:
desmo**_pressin_**, vaso**_pressin_**
| (Immediate complication)
**Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)** - to treat shock and diabetes insipidus.
## Footnote
ends in -_pressin_
49
# Classification and Indication:
desvenla**_faxine_**, venla**_faxine_**
**SSNRI antidepressant ("downer")** - to treat depression.
## Footnote
ends in -_faxine_
50
# Classification and Indication:
detemir, glargine
**Long-acting insulin** - to treat diabetes and prevent high blood sugar.
51
# Classification and Indication:
dexlanso**_prazole_**, esome**_prazole_**, lanso**_prazole_**, ome**_prazole_**, panto**_prazole_**
**Proton pump inhibitor** - decreases acid secretion to treat:
* GERD
* heartburn
* ulcers
## Footnote
ends in -_prazole_
52
# Classification and Indication:
dextro**_amphetamine_**, lisdex**_amfetamine_**
**CNS stimulate ("upper")** - to treat ADHD in adults and children (\>6 years old).
## Footnote
Ends in -_amphetamine_.
Brand name is "Adderall XR: the study drug".
53
# Classification and Indication:
digoxin
**Cardiac glycoside** - to decrease heart rate with CHF or atrial fibrillation.
54
# Classification and Indication:
diltiazem
**Calcium channel blocker (antihypertensive)**
* to decrease BP and HR
* to treat angina
55
# Classification and Indication:
diphenhydramine
**Antiallergy** - to treat itching and allergic reactions.
56
# Classification and Indication:
diphenoxylate/atropine
**Antidiarrheal** - a combination med to treat diarrhea.
57
# Classification and Indication:
disulfiram
To **prevent clients from drinking alcohol** by causing severe nausea and vomiting when the client drinks alcohol.
58
# Classification and Indication:
di**_val_**proex sodium, **_val_**proic acid
**Anticonvulsant** - to prevent seizures.
## Footnote
has -_val_- in name
59
# Classification and Indication:
docusate
**Laxative and stool softener** - to treat and prevent constipation.
60
# Classification and Indication:
donepezil
**Antialzheimer** - to treat all stages of Alzheimer's.
61
# Classification and Indication:
dopamine
| (Immediate complication)
**Vasopressor** - to treat shock.
62
# Classification and Indication:
doxa**_zosin_**, tera**_zosin_**
**Alpha blocker**
* to decrease blood pressure
* to prevent benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)
## Footnote
ends in -_zosin_
63
# Classification and Indication:
doxy**_cycline_**
**Tetracycline antibiotic** - to treat infections.
## Footnote
ends in -_cycline_
64
# Classification and Indication:
duloxetine
**SSNRI Antidepressant ("downer")**
* to treat depression and anxiety
* to treat fibromyalgia, chronic muscle pain or nerve pain
65
# Classification and Indication:
dutas**_teride_**, finas**_teride_**
**BPH drug** - to prevent benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).
## Footnote
ends in -_teride_
66
# Classification and Indication:
enoxaparin
**Anticoagulant (low molecular weight heparin)** - to prevent blood clots, especially post-op clients.
67
# Classification and Indication:
epinephrine
| (Immediate complication)
**Vasopressor**
* to treat anaphylaxis, shock, severe asthma attack
* to treat life-threatening arrhythmias: asystole, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation
68
# Classification and Indication:
epoetin (erythropoietin)
**Hematopoietic agent**
* to increase red blood cells
* to treat anemia with chronic renal failure, HIV and chemotherapy
69
# Classification and Indication:
ethinyl estradiol
**Female contraceptive**
* includes oral pill, vaginal ring, IM shot
* to prevent pregnancy
## Footnote
Several have the words _ethinyl estradiol_ in them.
70
# Classification and Indication:
famo**_tidine_**, rani**_tidine_**
**H-2 receptor blocker (antiulcer)** - to heal and prevent ulcers by limiting gastric acid secretion.
## Footnote
ends in -_tidine_
71
# Classification and Indication:
fentanyl
**Opioid analgesic** - to treat moderate to severe pain.
72
# Classification and Indication:
ferrous sulfate (iron)
**Vitamin supplement** - to treat dietary anemia.
73
# Classification and Indication:
fluo**_xetine_**, paro**_xetine_**
**SSRI antidepressant ("downer")** - to treat depression.
## Footnote
ends in -_xetine_
74
# Classification and Indication:
flutica**_sone_**
**Steroid** - maintenance inhaler for chronic asthma.
## Footnote
ends in -_sone_
75
# Classification and Indication:
folic acid
**Vitamin supplement** - given to pregnant mothers to prevent neural tube defects in fetus.
76
# Classification and Indication:
furosem**_ide_**, bumetan**_ide_**, torsem**_ide_**
**Potassium-wasting loop diuretic** - to treat edema and hypertension by excreting urine.
## Footnote
ends in -_ide_
77
# Classification and Indication:
gabapentin
**Anticonvulsant**
* to prevent seizures
* to treat diabetic nerve pain and neuralgia
78
# Classification and Indication:
**_GLI_**mepiride, **_GLI_**pizide, **_GLY_**buride, cana**_GLI_**flozin, lina**_GLI_**ptin, lira**_GLU_**tide, pio**_GLI_**tazone, sita**_GLI_**ptin
**Oral antidiabetic drug** - to treat diabetes and prevent high blood sugar.
## Footnote
have _gly_-, _glu_- or -_gli_- in name
79
# Classification and Indication:
glucagon (D50)
**50% dextrose (sugar)** - to treat hypoglycemia in an unconscious client.
80
# Classification and Indication:
guaifenesin
**Expectorant** - to treat a productive cough by coughing up mucus.
81
# Classification and Indication:
haloperidol
**1st generation Antipsychotic ("downer")** - to treat acute aggression.
82
# Classification and Indication:
heparin
**Anticoagulant**
1. heparin IV
* to treat an active blood clot
* bridge therapy to PO anticoagulants
2. heparin subcutaneous
* to prevent blood clots
83
# Classification and Indication:
hydralazine
**Antihypertensive** - to treat high BP.
84
# Classification and Indication:
hydrochloro**_thia_**zide, chlor**_thal_**idone
**Potassium-wasting thiazide diuretic** - to treat edema and hypertension by excreting urine.
## Footnote
has -_thia_- or -_thal_- in name
85
# Classification and Indication:
hydroxyzine
**Antihistamine** - given for a variety of reasons:
* to treat anxiety
* for preop sedation
* to treat itching
* to treat nausea and vomiting
86
# Classification and Indication:
ibuprofen
**NSAID** (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
* **Analgesic** - to treat mild to moderate pain
* **Antipyretic** - to decrease a fever
87
# Classification and Indication:
indomethacin
**NSAID** (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
* **Analgesic** - to treat mild to moderate pain
* **Antipyretic** - to decrease a fever
88
# Classification and Indication:
ipra**_tropium_**, tio**_tropium_**
**Long-acting bronchodilator** - to treat chronic asthma or COPD.
## Footnote
ends in -_tropium_
89
# Classification and Indication:
irbe**_sartan_**, lo**_sartan_**, olme**_sartan_**, val**_sartan_**
**Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)** (antihypertensive)
* to decrease BP and HR
* to reduce risk of stroke and MI
## Footnote
ends in -_sartan_
90
# Classification and Indication:
isoniazid
**Antituberculosis** - to treat tuberculosis.
91
# Classification and Indication:
isosorbide di**_nitrate_**, isosorbide mono**_nitrate_**
**Antianginal (nitrate, vasodilator)** - to treat and prevent chest pain and heart failure by reducing oxygen demand.
92
# Classification and Indication:
ketorolac
**NSAID** (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
* **Analgesic** - to treat mild to moderate pain.
* **Antipyretic** - to decrease a fever.
93
# Classification and Indication:
lactobacillus acidophilus
**Probiotic** - to encourage good gastrointestinal bacteria growth for clients on antibiotics.
## Footnote
It's basically eating yogurt, but in pill form.
94
# Classification and Indication:
lactulose
**Osmotic laxative**
* to treat and prevent constipation
* to decrease ammonia levels with liver failure
95
# Classification and Indication:
latano**_prost_**
**Antiglaucoma drugs** - eye drops to treat glaucoma.
## Footnote
ends in -_prost_
96
# Classification and Indication:
levetiracetam
**Anticonvulsant** - to prevent seizures.
97
# Classification and Indication:
levodopa/carbidopa
**Antiparkinsonian drug** - a combination med to treat Parkinson's disease.
98
# Classification and Indication:
levothyroxine
**Thyroid hormone replacement** - to treat hypothyroidism or replacement after thyroidectomy.
99
# Classification and Indication:
lidocaine
| (Immediate complication)
* **Topical/local analgesic** - to numb an area of the skin for procedures.
* **Antiarrhythmic** - given IV to treat heart arrhythmias.
100
# Classification and Indication:
lithium
**Antimanic**
* to treat acute mania in bipolar disorder
* for long-term control of bipolar disorder
101
# Classification and Indication:
loperamide
**Antidiarrheal** - to treat diarrhea.
102
# Classification and Indication:
loratadine
**Antiallergy drug** - to treat hives and allergies.
103
# Classification and Indication:
lung surfactant
To **prevent respiratory distress** in premature newborns.
104
# Classification and Indication:
luras**_idone_**, risper**_idone_**
**__****2nd generation Antipsychotic ("downer")** - to treat bipolar and schizophrenia.
## Footnote
ends in -_idone_
105
# Classification and Indication:
magnesium hydroxide
| (milk of magnesia)
**Laxative** - to treat and prevent constipation.
106
# Classification and Indication:
magnesium sulfate
**Electrolyte replacement**
* to treat low magnesium level
* to prevent contractions and seizures during pregnancy
107
# Classification and Indication:
mannitol
**Osmotic diuretic** - to decrease intracranial pressure.
108
# Classification and Indication:
memantine
**Antialzheimer drug** - to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's.
109
# Classification and Indication:
metformin
**Oral antidiabetic drug** - to treat diabetes mellitus and prevent high blood sugar.
110
# Classification and Indication:
methadone
**Opioid analgesic**
* to treat moderate to severe pain
* to treat narcotic drug addiction
111
# Classification and Indication:
methotrexate
**Antineoplastic**
* given for a variety of reasons
* to treat cancer, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis
112
# Classification and Indication:
methylphenidate
**CNS stimulate ("upper")** - to treat ADHD in children and adults.
113
# Classification and Indication:
metoclopramide
**Antiemetic** - to treat nausea and vomiting.
114
# Classification and Indication:
metronidazole
**Antiprotozoal** - to treat infections especially for vaginal infections.
115
# Classification and Indication:
mirtazapine
**Tricyclic antidepressant ("downer")** - to treat depression.
116
# Classification and Indication:
morphine
**Opioid analgesic**
* to treat moderate to severe pain
* to treat pain with acute myocardial infarction
117
# Classification and Indication:
naloxone
| (Immediate complication)
**Opioid antagonist**
* antidote to opioids
* to treat opioid overdose
118
# Classification and Indication:
naproxen
**NSAID** (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
* **Analgesic** - to treat mild to moderate pain
* **Antipyretic** - to decrease a fever
119
# Classification and Indication:
neostig**_mine_**, pyridostig**_mine_**
**Muscle stimulant (cholinesterase inhibitor)** - to treat myasthenia gravis.
## Footnote
ends in -_mine_
120
# Classification and Indication:
nicotine
**Smoking cessation aid** - to stop smoking by relieving withdrawal symptoms.
121
# Classification and Indication:
nitrofurantoin
**Antibiotic** - to treat urinary tract infections.
122
# Classification and Indication:
nitroglycerin
**Antianginal (nitrate, vasodilator)** - to treat chest pain and decrease BP.
## Footnote
most have _nitro_- or -_nitrate_ in name
123
# Classification and Indication:
NPH, isophane
**Intermediate-acting insulin** - to treat diabetes and prevent high blood sugar.
124
# Classification and Indication:
olanza**_pine_**, quetia**_pine_**
**2nd generation Antipsychotic ("downer")** - to treat bipolar, schizophrenia, depression.
## Footnote
ends in -_pine_
125
# Classification and Indication:
ondansetron
**Antiemetic** - to treat nausea and vomiting.
126
# Classification and Indication:
oxycodone
**Opioid analgesic** - to treat moderate to severe pain.
127
# Classification and Indication:
oxymorphone
**Opioid analgesic** - to treat moderate to severe pain.
128
# Classification and Indication:
oxytocin
**Oxytocin hormone**
* to stimulate contractions for labor
* to prevent postpartum hemorrhage
129
# Classification and Indication:
**_pancre_**lipase, **_pancrea_**tin
**Digestive enzyme replacement** - to treat cystic fibrosis.
## Footnote
starts with _pancre_-
130
# Classification and Indication:
**_phen_**obarbital, **_phen_**ytoin
**Anticonvulsant** - to prevent seizures.
## Footnote
has _phen_- in the beginning of the name
131
# Classification and Indication:
phytonadione (vitamin K)
**Vitamin K**
* to prevent bleeding in newborns
* antidote to warfarin
132
# Classification and Indication:
polycarbophil, psyllium
**Bulk-forming laxative** - to treat and prevent constipation.
133
# Classification and Indication:
potassium
**Electrolyte replacement** - to replace potassium (especially when taking diuretics).
134
# Classification and Indication:
pregabalin
**Anticonvulsant** - to treat nerve pain and fibromyalgia.
135
# Classification and Indication:
prometha**_zine_**
**Antiemetic**
* to treat nausea and vomiting and motion sickness
* for pre-op sedation
## Footnote
ends in -_zine_
136
# Classification and Indication:
proprano**_lol_**
**Beta blocker (antihypertensive)**
* to decrease BP and HR
* to prevent MI and treat chest pain
* to treat SVT, ventricular, and atrial arrhythmias
## Footnote
ends in -_lol_
137
# Classification and Indication:
regular insulin
**Short-acting insulin** (antidiabetic)
1. **IV regular insulin** - to treat very high blood sugar / diabetic ketoacidosis
2. **subcutaneous regular insulin** - to treat diabetes and high blood sugar
138
# Classification and Indication:
Rho D immune globulin
| (RhoGAM)
**Immune globulin**
* given to Rh-negative clients to prevent blood incompatibility between client and baby's blood
* given after miscarriage or abortion to prevent Rh antibody formation
139
# Classification and Indication:
rifampin
**Antituberculosis** - to treat tuberculosis.
140
# Classification and Indication:
ropinirole
**Antiparkinsonian** - to treat Parkinson's disease.
141
# Classification and Indication:
senna glycoside
**Laxative** - to treat and prevent constipation.
142
# Classification and Indication:
sertraline
**SSRI antidepressant ("downer")** - to treat depression and anxiety.
143
# Classification and Indication:
sildena**_fil_**, tadala**_fil_**
**Erectile dysfunction drug (vasodilator)** - to treat erectile dysfunction.
## Footnote
ends in -_fil_
144
# Classification and Indication:
silver sulfadiazine
**Antiseptic cream** - to prevent wound infections.
145
# Classification and Indication:
sodium bicarbonate
**Antacid** - to quickly treat metabolic acidosis while trying to figure out main cause.
146
# Classification and Indication:
spironolactone
**Potassium-sparing diuretic** - to treat edema and hypertension by excreting urine.
147
# Classification and Indication:
temaze**_pam_**
**Hypnotic Benzodiazepine ("downer")** - to treat short term insomnia.
## Footnote
ends in -_pam_
148
# Classification and Indication:
theophylline
**2nd choice bronchodilator** - to treat asthma and COPD.
149
# Classification and Indication:
timo**_lol_**
**Beta blocker** - eye drops to treat glaucoma.
150
# Classification and Indication:
tramadol
**Opioid analgesic** - to treat moderate to severe pain.
151
# Classification and Indication:
trazodone
**Antidepressant ("downer")**
* to treat depression
* to treat insomnia
152
# Classification and Indication:
verapamil
**Calcium channel blocker** (antihypertensive)
* to decrease BP and HR
* to treat angina
153
# Classification and Indication:
vilazodone
**SSRI antidepressant ("downer")** - to treat depression.
154
# Classification and Indication:
warfarin
**Anticoagulant** - to prevent blood clots.
155
# Classification and Indication:
zolpidem
**Hypnotic ("downer")** - to treat short term insomnia.
