Pain Meds Flashcards
Review all the important pain meds: classifications, indications, side effects, adverse reactions, and nursing considerations.
1
Q
Indication:
NSAIDs
(nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
A
- Analgesic: to treat mild to moderate pain
- Antipyretic: to decrease a fever
2
Q
Generic names:
NSAIDs
A
- celecoxib
- ibuprofen
- indomethacin
- ketorolac
- meloxicam
- naproxen
3
Q
Most common side effects and nursing considerations:
NSAIDs
A
- can cause GI upset and GI bleeding
- take with food
- assess for bleeding
- nephrotoxic
- assess BUN, creatinine and urine output
4
Q
Indication:
Opioids
A
Analgesic: to treat moderate to severe pain.
5
Q
Generic names:
Opioids
A
- codeine
- fentanyl
- methadone
- morphine
- oxycodone
- oxymorphone
- tramadol
- hydromorphone
- heroin (illegal)
These meds are highly addictive.
6
Q
Most common side effects and nursing considerations:
Opioids
A
- bradypnea: assess respirations and hold if < 12
- suppresses cough reflex: encourage cough and deep breathing
- constipation: encourage fluids, fiber, and walking
- sedation: assess vital signs and prevent falls
- use caution with head injury clients: can increase intracranial pressure
7
Q
What do opiods do to pupils?
A
Can cause pinpoint pupils.
(constricted pupils)
8
Q
Nursing considerations:
morphine
A
Don’t give to clients with cholecystitis:
- can cause biliary spasms
- give hydromorphone instead
9
Q
Indication:
naloxone
A
- antidote / opioid antagonist
- to treat opioid overdose
10
Q
How is opioid withdrawal treated?
A
- methadone: opioids are tapered
- clonidine: to calm client
11
Q
Nursing considerations:
meperidine
A
- opioid analgesic given when there are no other viable options
- do not give to children or elderly due to risk of seizures
12
Q
Indication:
acetaminophen
A
- analgesic: treat mild to moderate pain
- antipyretic: treat fever
13
Q
Antidote to acetaminophen
A
acetylcysteine
14
Q
Most common side effects and nursing considerations:
acetaminophen
A
Hepatotoxic
- assess liver function: ALT, AST, bilirubin
- don’t give to clients with liver disease
15
Q
How many milligrams daily is acetaminophen limited to?
A
4000 mg daily
