Top 200 Drugs General Mechanism of Action Flashcards
What is the general mechanism of action for acyclovir?
Competitively inhibits viral DNA synthesis
What is the general mechanism of action for amiodarone?
Type III antiarrhythmic that prolongs effective refractory period of atrial and ventricular tissue by blocking potassium conductance
What is the general mechanism of action for amoxicillin?
Inhibits biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide
typically active against streptococcus, enterococcus, staphylococcus, enterobacteriaceae
What is the general mechanism of action for amoxicillin/clavulanate?
Inhibits biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide/ inhibits b-lactamase to protect amox from degradation
typically active against streptococcus, enterococcus, staphylococcus, enterobacteriaceae
What is the general mechanism of action for apixiban?
inhibits factor Xa which decreases thrombin generation and thrombus development
What is the general mechanism of action for aspirin?
inhibits platelet aggregation by irreversibly inhibiting platelet cyclooxygenase preventing production of thromboxane A(2), a powerful inducer of platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction
What is the general mechanism of action for azithromycin?
interferes with microbial protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit
What is the general mechanism of action for cefdinir?
activity against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including β-lactamase-producing strains
What is the general mechanism of action for cephalexin?
Inhibits bacterial wall syntehsis of actively dividng cells by binding to > 1 penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)
What is the general mechanism of action for ciprofloxacin?
Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase
What is the general mechanism of action for clindamycin?
inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit
What is the general mechanism of action for clopidogrel?
Inhibit ADP binding to receptor sites, inhibiting subsequent activation of glycoprotein IIB/IIIa complex
What is the general mechanism of action for dapagliflozin?
Inhibits SGLT2 in proximal renal tubules, which reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen
What is the general mechanism of action for diltiazem?
Calcium channel blocking drug that decrease HR, prolongs AV nodal conduction, and decrease arteriolar and coronary vascular tone
What is the general mechanism of action for doxycycline?
Inhibits protein synthesis at 30S ribosomal subunit
What is the general mechanism of action for fluconazole?
Inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability
What is the general mechanism of action for isosorbide mononitrate?
Gets converted to NO by vascular epithelium, NO activates guanylate cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP that in turn decreases intracellular calcium, resulting in direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
What is the general mechanism of action for ketoconazole?
Inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability
What is the general mechanism of action for metronidazole?
inhibits protein synthesis
What is the general mechanism of action for nitrofurantoin?
inactivates bacterial ribosomes
What is the general mechanism of action for nitroglycerin?
Gets converted to NO by vascular epithelium, NO activates guanylate cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP that in turn decreases intracellular calcium, resulting in direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
What is the general mechanism of action for oseltamivir phosphate?
inhibits influenza virus neuraminidase, which prevents viral progeny detaching from cellular envelope
What is the general mechanism of action for rivaroxaban?
selectively blocks the active site of factor Xa and does not require a cofactor for activity
What is the general mechanism of action for sacubitril/valsartan?
Inhibits neprilysin leading to increased peptide levels/
selective reversible competitive agonist of angiotensin II receptor
What is the general mechanism of action for torsemide?
decreases sodium reabsorption by competing for chloride site on the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter
What is the general mechanism of action for trimehtoprim/sulfamethoxazole?
TMP inhibits enzymatic reduction of dihydrofolic acid to tertahydrofolic acid/ SMZ inhibits synthesis of dihydropteroic acid
What is the general mechanism of action for valacyclovir?
converted to acyclovir triphosphate, which inhibits viral DNA synthesis by incorporation into viral DNA
What is the general mechanism of action for verapamil?
inhibits calcium “slow channels” on vascular smooth muscle and myocardium producing relaxation of muscle and vasodilation
What is the general mechanism of action for warfarin?
Prevent conversion of vitamin K back to active from vitamin K epoxide
