Top 200 Drugs General Mechanism of Action

Question 1

What is the general mechanism of action for acyclovir?

Answer 1

Competitively inhibits viral DNA synthesis

Question 2

What is the general mechanism of action for amiodarone?

Answer 2

Type III antiarrhythmic that prolongs effective refractory period of atrial and ventricular tissue by blocking potassium conductance

Question 3

What is the general mechanism of action for amoxicillin?

Answer 3

Inhibits biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide
typically active against streptococcus, enterococcus, staphylococcus, enterobacteriaceae

Question 4

What is the general mechanism of action for amoxicillin/clavulanate?

Answer 4

Inhibits biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide/ inhibits b-lactamase to protect amox from degradation
typically active against streptococcus, enterococcus, staphylococcus, enterobacteriaceae

Question 5

What is the general mechanism of action for apixiban?

Answer 5

inhibits factor Xa which decreases thrombin generation and thrombus development

Question 6

What is the general mechanism of action for aspirin?

Answer 6

inhibits platelet aggregation by irreversibly inhibiting platelet cyclooxygenase preventing production of thromboxane A(2), a powerful inducer of platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction

Question 7

What is the general mechanism of action for azithromycin?

Answer 7

interferes with microbial protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit

Question 8

What is the general mechanism of action for cefdinir?

Answer 8

activity against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including β-lactamase-producing strains

Question 9

What is the general mechanism of action for cephalexin?

Answer 9

Inhibits bacterial wall syntehsis of actively dividng cells by binding to > 1 penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)

Question 10

What is the general mechanism of action for ciprofloxacin?

Answer 10

Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase

Question 11

What is the general mechanism of action for clindamycin?

Answer 11

inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunit

Question 12

What is the general mechanism of action for clopidogrel?

Answer 12

Inhibit ADP binding to receptor sites, inhibiting subsequent activation of glycoprotein IIB/IIIa complex

Question 13

What is the general mechanism of action for dapagliflozin?

Answer 13

Inhibits SGLT2 in proximal renal tubules, which reduces reabsorption of filtered glucose from the tubular lumen

Question 14

What is the general mechanism of action for diltiazem?

Answer 14

Calcium channel blocking drug that decrease HR, prolongs AV nodal conduction, and decrease arteriolar and coronary vascular tone

Question 15

What is the general mechanism of action for doxycycline?

Answer 15

Inhibits protein synthesis at 30S ribosomal subunit

Question 16

What is the general mechanism of action for fluconazole?

Answer 16

Inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability

Question 17

What is the general mechanism of action for isosorbide mononitrate?

Answer 17

Gets converted to NO by vascular epithelium, NO activates guanylate cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP that in turn decreases intracellular calcium, resulting in direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

Question 18

What is the general mechanism of action for ketoconazole?

Answer 18

Inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane and altering its permeability

Question 19

What is the general mechanism of action for metronidazole?

Answer 19

inhibits protein synthesis

Question 20

What is the general mechanism of action for nitrofurantoin?

Answer 20

inactivates bacterial ribosomes

Question 21

What is the general mechanism of action for nitroglycerin?

Answer 21

Gets converted to NO by vascular epithelium, NO activates guanylate cyclase, increasing cyclic GMP that in turn decreases intracellular calcium, resulting in direct relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

Question 22

What is the general mechanism of action for oseltamivir phosphate?

Answer 22

inhibits influenza virus neuraminidase, which prevents viral progeny detaching from cellular envelope

Question 23

What is the general mechanism of action for rivaroxaban?

Answer 23

selectively blocks the active site of factor Xa and does not require a cofactor for activity

Question 24

What is the general mechanism of action for sacubitril/valsartan?

Answer 24

Inhibits neprilysin leading to increased peptide levels/
selective reversible competitive agonist of angiotensin II receptor

Question 25

What is the general mechanism of action for torsemide?

Answer 25

decreases sodium reabsorption by competing for chloride site on the Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransporter

Question 26

What is the general mechanism of action for trimehtoprim/sulfamethoxazole?

Answer 26

TMP inhibits enzymatic reduction of dihydrofolic acid to tertahydrofolic acid/ SMZ inhibits synthesis of dihydropteroic acid

Question 27

What is the general mechanism of action for valacyclovir?

Answer 27

converted to acyclovir triphosphate, which inhibits viral DNA synthesis by incorporation into viral DNA

Question 28

What is the general mechanism of action for verapamil?

Answer 28

inhibits calcium “slow channels” on vascular smooth muscle and myocardium producing relaxation of muscle and vasodilation

Question 29

What is the general mechanism of action for warfarin?

Answer 29

Prevent conversion of vitamin K back to active from vitamin K epoxide