Group 2 Mechanism of Action

Question 1

What is the general mechanism of action for albuterol?

Answer 1

acts on beta 2-adrenergic receptors of intracellular adenylyl cyclase to increase cyclic AMP levels resulting in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation

Question 2

What is the general mechanism of action for azelastine?

Answer 2

selective H1- receptor antagonist that blocks histamine release from cell involved in allergic response, inhibits other mediators of allergic reactions and reduces chemotaxis and eosinophil activation

Question 3

What is the general mechanism of action for budesonide?

Answer 3

potent glucocorticoid and weak mineralocorticoid activity, broad active inhibition against multiple cell types and mediators involving allergic and nonallergic/irritant-mediated inflammation

Question 4

What is the general mechanism of action for budesonide/formeterol?

Answer 4

potent glucocorticoid and weak mineralocorticoid activity, broad active inhibition against multiple cell types and mediators involving allergic and nonallergic/irritant-mediated inflammation/ long-acting selective Beta 2-adrenergic agonist producing bronchodilation

Question 5

What is the general mechanism of action for cetirizine?

Answer 5

low sedating, long acting H1 receptor antagonist that competitively inhibits interaction of histamine with H1 receptors, preventing allergic response

Question 5

What is the general mechanism of action for dicyclomine?

Answer 5

relieves smooth muscle spasm of GI tract via specific anticholinergic effect (antimuscarinic) at acetylcholine-receptor sites and direct effect on smooth muscle

Question 6

What is the general mechanism of action for docusate?

Answer 6

stimulates intestinal secretion and increase fluid penetration into stool by emulsifying feces, water, fat

Question 7

What is the general mechanism of action for esomeprazole?

Answer 7

gets protonated in secretory canaliculi of parietal cells, covalently binds to H+/K+-ATPase (proton pump), profound and prolonged antisecretory effect, inhibits basal, nocturnal, pentagastrin-stimulated, and food simulated gastric acid secretion

Question 8

What is the general mechanism of action for famotidine?

Answer 8

Competitive inhibitor of histamine H2 receptors, inhibits gastric secretion

Question 9

What is the general mechanism of action for fluticasone (nasal)?

Answer 9

anti-inflammatory, atnipuritic, vasoconstrictive properties
induction of phospholipase A2-inhibitory proteins that control biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation

Question 10

What is the general mechanism of action for fluticasone (inhaled)?

Answer 10

human glucocorticoid receptor agonist that inhibits multiple cell types and mediator production or secretion involved in asthma

Question 11

What is the general mechanism of action for fluticasone/salmeterol?

Answer 11

human glucocorticoid receptor agonist that inhibits multiple cell types and mediator production or secretion involved in asthma/ increases intracellular adenylyl cyclase which increases cyclic AMP which results in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and inhibition of the release of mediators of instantaneous hypersensitivity from mast cells

Question 12

What is the general mechanism of action for fluticasone/umeclidinium/vilanterol?

Answer 12

anti-inflammatory activity via activation of the glucocorticoid response element, inhibiting pro-inflammatory transcription factors, and inhibition of antigen-induced lung eosinophilia/ inhibits the M3 receptor in the smooth muscles of the airway, leading to bronchodilation/ increases cyclic AMP levels, which causes the bronchial smooth muscles to relax and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells

Question 13

What is the general mechanism of action for fluticasone/vilanterol?

Answer 13

human glucocorticoid receptor agonist that inhibits multiple cell types and mediator production or secretion involved in asthma/ increases intracellular adenylyl cyclase which increases cyclic AMP which results in bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and inhibition of the release of mediators of instantaneous hypersensitivity from mast cells

Question 14

What is the general mechanism of action for ipratropium/albuterol?

Answer 14

inhibits cholinergic receptors on bronchial smooth muscle/ Selective beta 2 agonist that produces bronchodilation, vasodilation, uterine relaxation, skeletal muscle stimulation, peripheral vasodilation, and tachycardia

Question 15

What is the general mechanism of action for levocetirizine?

Answer 15

low-sedating, long-acting H1-receptor antagonist
competitively inhibits the interaction of histamine with H1 receptors, thereby preventing the allergic response

Question 16

What is the general mechanism of action for loratadine?

Answer 16

competitively inhibits H1 receptors binding histamine, preventing allergic reaction

Question 17

What is the general mechanism of action for meclizine?

Answer 17

suppresses the vasodepressor response to histamine while only slightly inhibiting acetylcholine

Question 18

What is the general mechanism of action for montelukast?

Answer 18

binds to leukotriene receptors to inhibit physiologic actions of leukotriene

Question 19

What is the general mechanism of action for omeprazole?

Answer 19

protonated in secretory caniculi of the parietal cells then covalently binds to H+/K+-ATPase (proton pump), produces antisecretory effect and inhibits basal, nocturnal, and pentagastrin- and food-stimulated gastric acid secretion

Question 20

What is the general mechanism of action for ondansetron?

Answer 20

selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist

Question 21

What is the general mechanism of action for pantoprazole?

Answer 21

protonated in secretory caniculi of the parietal cells then covalently binds to H+/K+-ATPase (proton pump), produces antisecretory effect and inhibits basal, nocturnal, and pentagastrin- and food-stimulated gastric acid secretion

Question 22

What is the general mechanism of action for promethazine?

Answer 22

Competitively blocks histamine H1 receptors without blocking secretion of histamine
has sedative, antimotion sickness, antiemetic, and anticholinergic effects

Question 23

What is the general mechanism of action for sucralfate?

Answer 23

Forms a complex with positively charged proteins that forms protective coating for local protection of gastric lining against peptic acid, pepsin and bile salts

Question 24

What is the general mechanism of action for tiotropium?

Answer 24

inhibits M3 receptors at the smooth muscle leading to bronchodilation