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Gen Surg Rotation > top 100 clinical surgical micro vignettes > Flashcards

top 100 clinical surgical micro vignettes Flashcards

1
Q

elderly woman, SBO, and air in biliary tract

A

gallstone ileus

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2
Q

elderly woman with pain down inner aspect of thigh

what is this sign called?

A

obturator hernia

Howship Romberg sign

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3
Q

abd. pain, hypotension, and abdominal pulsatile mass

A

AAA

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4
Q

abdominal pain “out of proportion” to abdominal exam

A

mesenteric ischemia

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5
Q

arm pain and syncope with arm movement

A

subclavian steal syndrome

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6
Q

increasing creatinine on ACE inhibitor

A

renal artery stenosis

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7
Q

child with MIDLINE neck mass

A

thyroglossal duct cyst

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8
Q

child with LATERAL neck mass

A

branchial cleft cyst

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9
Q

crush injury and dark urine

A

myoglobinuria

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10
Q

emesis, chest pain radiating to back and mediastinal air

A

Boerhaaves

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11
Q

lower GI bleed and technetium pertechnetate scan

A

meckel’s diverticulum

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12
Q

flushing, diarrhea, and right sided heart failure

A

carcinoid

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13
Q

pneumaturia and LLQ pain

A

colovesicular fistula

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14
Q

desmoid tumor, osteoma, and colon cancer

A

Gardner’s syndrome

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15
Q

epigastric pain radiating to back and flank ecchymosis

A

hemorrhagic pancreatitis

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16
Q

pancreatitis and palpable epigastric mass

A

pancreatic pseudocyst

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17
Q

liver abscess with “anchovy paste”

A

amebic abscess

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18
Q

RUQ pain, travel, and exposure to sheep lol

A

hydatid cyst

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19
Q

caput medusa

A

portal HTN

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20
Q

45y.o F RUQ pain with 12hr, fever, leukocytosis

A

acute cholecystitis

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21
Q

elderly man with large NONTENDER palpable gall bladder

what is this sign called?

A

pancreatic cancer

Curvoisier’s Sign

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22
Q

female taking BC pills with liver mass

A

hepatic adenoma

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23
Q

liver tumor with “central scar”

A

focal nodular hyperplasia

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24
Q

pancreatic mass, gallstones, diabetes, and diarrhea

A

somatostatinoma

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25
Q

RUQ bruit and CHF in young adult

A

liver hemangioma

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26
Q

excruciating pain with bowel movement

A

anal fissure

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27
Q

abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anal fistulae

A

Crohn’s dz

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28
Q

EKG with PEAKED T waves

A

hyperkalemia

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29
Q

buccal mucosa with pigmentation

A

Peutz-Jegher’s Syndrome

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30
Q

LLQ pain, fever, and change in bowel habits

A

diverticulitis

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31
Q

elevated urine 5-HIAA

A

carcinoid

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32
Q

institutionalized, abdominal pain, vomiting, distention, with proximal colonic dilation

A

sigmoid volvulus

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33
Q

infant with projectile vomiting

A

pyloric stenosis

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34
Q

newborn with failure to pass meconium in first 24 hours

A

Hirschsprung dz

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35
Q

infant with bilious vomiting

A

malrotation

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36
Q

newborn with abdominal defect and umbilical cord on sac

A

omphalocele

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37
Q

teenager with knee pain and “onion skinning” on xray

A

Ewing sarcoma

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38
Q

pulmonary capillary wedge pressure <18, CXR with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and PaO2:FiO2 ration <300

A

ARDS

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39
Q

increased peak airway pressure, low urine output, and urinary bladder >25mm Hg

A

abdominal compartment syndrome

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40
Q

newborn with inability to pass an NGT (nasogastric tube)

A

esophageal atresia

41
Q

traumatic blinding in one eye followed by blindness in the contralateral eye 2 weeks later

A

sympathetic ophthalmia

42
Q

miotic pupil, ptosis and anhydrosis

A

Horner’s syndrome

43
Q

traumatic head injury, conscious in ER followed by unconsciousness

A

epidural hematoma

lucid interval

44
Q

worst headache of my life

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

45
Q

hematuria, flank pain, and abdominal mass (palpable)

A

renal cell carcinoma

46
Q

60 year old white man with painless hematuria

A

bladder cancer

47
Q

RUQ pain, jaundice, fever

A

cholangitis

48
Q

epigastric pain radiating to the back, with nausea and vomiting

A

pancreatitis

49
Q

chest pain radiating to back and described as a tearing pain

A

aortic dissection

50
Q

40 year old man with tachycardia, HTN and confusion on post op day 2

A

alcohol withdrawal

51
Q

marfanoid body habits and mucosal neuromas

A

MEN II-b (multiple endocrine neoplasia type II b)

52
Q

psammoma bodies

A

papillary thyroid cancer

53
Q

sulfur granules

A

actinomyces infection

54
Q

thyroid tumor with AMYLOID tissue

A

thyroid medullary cancer

55
Q

palpable neck tumor and hypercalcemia

A

parathyroid cancer

56
Q

HTN, diaphoresis (episodic), and palpitations

A

pheochromocytoma

57
Q

jejunal ulcers

A

Zollinger Ellison syndrom

58
Q

pituitary tumor, pancreatic tumor, and parathyroid tumor (3Ps)

A

MEN-I

59
Q

necrotizing migratory erythema

A

glucagoneoma

60
Q

medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and hyperparathyroidism

A

MEN-IIa

61
Q

hypokalemia refractory to IV potassium supplementation

A

hypomagnesemia

62
Q

newborn with pneumatosis

A

necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)

63
Q

child with abdominal mass that crosses the midline

A

neuroblastoma

64
Q

child <4 years old with abdominal tumor that DOES NOT CROSS the midline

A

Wilm’s tumor

65
Q

currant jelly stools and abdominal colic

A

intussception

66
Q

femur fracture, resp failure, petechiae, and mental status change

A

fat embolism

67
Q

hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo

A

meniere’s dz

68
Q

adolescent boy with nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis

A

juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

69
Q

child <5 y.o sitting up right and drooling with hot potato voice

A

epiglottitis

70
Q

angina, syncope, and CHF

A

aortic stenossi

71
Q

tobacco use, asbestos exposure, and pleuritic chest pain

A

mesothelioma

72
Q

supracondylar fx and contracture

A

volkmanns contracture

73
Q

tibia fx, “pain out of proportion”, pain on passive foot movement and palpable pulses

A

compartment syndrome

74
Q

25 year old man with liver mass with fibrous septa and NO history of cirrhosis or hepatitis

A

fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

75
Q

EKG with flattening of T waves and U waves

A

hypokalemia

76
Q

central pontine myelinolysis

A

too rapid correction of hyponatremia

77
Q

polydipsia, polyuria, constipation

A

hypercalcemia

78
Q

factor VIII def

A

hemophilia A

79
Q

abd pain, fever, hypotension, HYPERkalemia, HYPOnatremia

A

adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s dz)

80
Q

massive urine output and HYPERnatremia

A

diabetes insipidous

81
Q

increased urine osmolality, HYPOnatremia, and low serum osmolality

A

SIADH

82
Q

IV antibiotics, fever, diarrhea

A

C. diff pseduomembranouscolitis

83
Q

bleeding gums and wound dehiscence

A

vitamin C deficiency

84
Q

fever, central line, and HYPERglycemia

A

central line infection

85
Q

appendectomy followed by fever and and pain on post op day 7

A

peritoneal abscess

86
Q

advancing crepitus, fever and blood blisters

A

necrotizing fasciitis

87
Q

high INTRAOPERATIVE fever

A

malignant hyperthermia

88
Q

confusion, ataxia, and opthalmoplegia

A

wernicke’s encephalopathy

89
Q

tracheal deviation, decreased breath sounds, hyperresonance

A

tension PTX

90
Q

hypotension, decreased heart sounds, JVD

A

beck’s triad for pericardial tamponade

91
Q

4 ribs broken in 2 places and pulmonary contusion

A

flail chest

92
Q

otorrhea (clear) and Battle’s sign

A

basilar skull fx

93
Q

ulcer and decreased pain with food

A

duodenal ulcer

94
Q

vomiting, retching, and epigastric pain

A

mallory-weiss tear

95
Q

fever on post op day 1, with “bronze” weeping, tender wound

A

clostridial wound infection

96
Q

hematochezia, and tenesmus

A

rectal cancer

97
Q

upper GI bleed, jaundice, and RUQ pain

A

hemobilia

98
Q

gall stones, epigastric pain radiating to back, nausea

A

ductal papilloma

99
Q

irritability, diaphoresis, weakness, tremulousness, and palpitations

A

insulinoma

Gen Surg Rotation (3 decks)

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