surgery signs, triads, etc. Flashcards
test for potency of ulnar artery prior to placing radial artery line or performing an ABG.
occlude both ulnar and radial arteries with fingers as patient makes a fist, patient opens while examiner releases ulnar artery occlusion to assess blood flow to hand
allen’s test
constant dullness to percussion in the left flank/LLQ and RESONANCE to percussion in the right flank seen with splenic rupture/splenic hematoma
Ballance’s sign
What is Beck’s triad?
Patient’s with ______ have Beck’s triad
JVD
decreased or muffled heart sounds
decreased BP
cardiac tamponade
metastatic dz to the rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas) or rectovesicular pouch creating a shelf that is palpable on rectal exam
Blumer’s shelf
what is the carcinoid triad?
FDR
flushing
diarrhea
R sided heart failure
What is charcot’s triad and what is it seen with?
seen with cholangitis
fever
jaundice
RUQ pain
twitching of facial muscles upon tapping the facial nerve in patients with hypocalcemia
chvostek’s sign
enlarged but contender gall bladder seen with obstruction of common bile duct, most commonly seen with ______
Courvoisier’s law
most commonly seen with pancreatic cancer
bluish discoloration around umbilicus (periumbilicus) due to retroperitoneal hemorrhage
Cullen’s sign
what is cushing’s triad and what is it a sign of?
sign of increased ICP hypertension bradycardia irregular respirations think of the 3 main vital signs!
in goodsall’s rule, _____ course in a straight path anteriorly, but what happen posteriorly
anal fistulae
posterior= curved path
crunching sound on auscultation of the heart resulting from ______
Hamman’s crunch
results from pneumomediastinum, Boerhaave’s
Pain along the inner aspect of the thigh indicating an obturator hernia that is compression a nerve
Howship-Romberg sign
Where is mcBurney’s point
1/3 of the distance from the ASIS to the umbilicus
What is Meckel’s diverticulum rule of 2’s?
What is the difference between regular diverticulum and Meckel’s
Meckel diverticulum rule of 2’s:
2% of the population has Meckel diverticulum, of that 2%, 2% are symptomatic and they occur within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve
Diverticulum= out-touching of intestines that an happen randomly with age
Meckel diverticulum: outpouching or bulge in the lower part of the small intestine. The bulge is congenital (present at birth) and is a leftover of the umbilical cord
Cessation of inspiration while palpating under the right costal margin. Pt cannot continue to inspire deeply because the gall bladder is under pressure
Murphys stine= acute cholecystitis
What is the obturator sign?
pain when you try and internally rotate the leg with the hip and knee flexed
appendicitis or pelvic abscess
what are the symptoms of pheochromocytoma?
think PHE
palpitations
headache
episodic diaphoresis
What is the psoas sign
pain illicited by extending the hip with the knee fully extended (straight)
appendicitis/psoas inflammation
bilateral black eyes = result of _____
raccoon eyes
basilar skull fx
What is Reynold’s pentad? What is it similar to?
- fever
2.jaundice - RUQ pain
this is all chariot’s triad so far
then 2 more make it Reynold’s pentad - altered mental status
- shock/sepsis
Palpation of the LLQ resulting in pain in the RLQ
Rovsing’s sign
appendicitis
What is virchow’s node
metastatic tumor to L supraclavicular node (classically due to gastric cancer)
What is virchow’s triad?
stasis
hypercoagulability
abnormal endothelium
