Tooth tissue loss Flashcards
Attrition
Wear due to tooth-tooth contact
Attrition - aetiology
Habit, bruxism
Malocclusion (class III incisors, or cross bite)
Loss of posterior teeth
Bruxism
Parafunctional activity of muscles of mastication
Often whilst sleeping
Stress-related
Erosion
Tissue loss due to non-carious acid dissolution
May see ‘raised’ margins of restorations
Erosion - aetiology
Extrinsic factors - diet -soft drinks -alcohol -citrus fruit -pickles/ vinegar Intrinsic factors -bulaemia -pregnancy or illness involving recurrent vomiting or reflux
Tooth wear - aetiology
Usually a combination of factors
Erosion and attrition rarely indipendent
Abrasion
Tooth wear due to contact with food or other object(s) Toothbrush Nails Cotton Wind instrument
Trauma aetiology
Falls/ messing around Contact sports Non-accidental injury > overjet is risk factor Most common in 8-10 year old boys
Enamel or dentine defects aetiology
Genetic conditions: amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta
Trauma or infection to developing tooth germ
Systemic illness or malnutrition
Chemotherapy/ radiotherapy
Diagnosis of tooth tissue loss
History -PCO -HPC -medical history -social factors/ dental history -diet -any family history of similar problem Examination -which surfaces? -condition of restorations
Principles of management
Thorough history and examination
-may include clinical photos, study models, radiographs, vitality testing
Treatment objectives (prevention vs intervention)
-prevention (e.g. mouthguard, dietary advice, fluoride)
-pain releif
-protection of pulp
-improve/ restore dental and facial aesthetics (restorations)
-improve function
Monitoring
-clinical photos, study models, radiographs, vitality testing