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Oral Biology (Oral Cavity) > Tooth morphology > Flashcards

Tooth morphology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is th (bi)furcation of a tooth

A

The top of the space between the root canals, its the little curve you can see

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2
Q

Whats the difference between a pulp chamber and root canal

A

Pulp chamber = inside the crown

Root canals - thin lines in the root

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3
Q

What are the 4 main parts of a tooth

A

Enamel
Dentine
Pulp
Cementum

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4
Q

What does mesial and distal mean

A

Mesial - towards midline

Distal - away from midline

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5
Q

What does buccal/labial mean

A

Towards cheek/lips - outer

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6
Q

What does lingual/palatal mean

A

Towards tongue/palate - inner

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7
Q

What are the different types of tooth

A

Incisors
Canines/cuspids
Premolars/bicuspids
Molars

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8
Q

What is the function of incisors

A

cutting, scooping, picking up objects and grooming

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9
Q

What is the function of canines

A

holding prey, display, slashing and tearing when fighting

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10
Q

What is the function of the premolars

A

holding, carrying, breaking food into small pieces

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11
Q

What is the function of molars

A

grinding food into small pieces with flat occlusal tables.

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12
Q

Describe the characteristics of a canine’s root and crown

A 
Single root - longest root
Root curves distally
Maxillary wider than mandibular
Shorter mesial vs distal slope
Convex cingulum
Slightly concave fossa
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13
Q

Describe the characteristics of the upper first premolar’s roots and crowns

A

Two roots
Occlusal groove extends over mesial marginal ridge
Buccal cusp taller than palatal cusp

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14
Q

How can you tell the difference between the Max 1st and 2nd premolars

A 
Second = single root, occlusal groove doesn't extend over mesial marginal ridge
First = two roots, occlusal groove does extend over mesial marginal ridge
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15
Q

What shape are the cross sections of the Max 1st and 2nd premolars

A

rectangular

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16
Q

How can you tell the difference between the Mand. first and second premolars

A

P1 buccal cusp much larger than lingual cusp
P2 buccal cusp only just larger than lingual cusp
P1 buccal cusp much taller than lingual cusp
P2 buccal cusp only just taller than lingual cusp
P1 has a mesiolingual developmental groove

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17
Q

What shape are the cross sections of the Mand. 1st and 2nd premolars

A

Circular

18
Q

How can you tell between between the Max and Mand premolar cusps

A 
Maxillary = wider bucco-lingually 
Mandibular = wider mesio-distally
19
Q

What is the major unique feature of maxillary molars

A

Oblique ridges

20
Q

What is the biggest cusp on Maxillary and Mandibular molars

A 
Maxillary = Mesio-Palatal - fits into mandibular fossa
Mandibular = Mesio-Buccal
21
Q

How many cusps are there on mandibular molars

A

4/5

22
Q

How many types of which roots do maxillary molars have

A

2 buccal and 1 palatal

23
Q

How many types of which roots do mandibular molars have

A

1 mesial, 1 distal

24
Q

Whats the small cusp on the Mand. first molar

A

Disto-buccal

25
Q

What the cross section shape of the max first molar and mandibular first molar

A

Max first molar = Square

Mand first molar = Rectangular

26
Q

What the difference between the Mand. first and second molars

A 
1st = 3 buccal, 2 lingual cusps
2nd = 4 equal cusps
27
Q

Describe the crown and roots of the Max, third molar

A
  • three roots often fused
  • 3 cusps; if four, distolingual = smallest
  • distobuccal cusp usually shortest
  • irregular crown outline
28
Q

If there is a 5th cusp on mandibular molars, where are they placed

A

Distally

29
Q

What is the cusp of carabelli

A

Extra cusp on the palatal surface of the palatal cusp, it can be absent but can be large

30
Q

What is a taurodont tooth

A

A tooth with an enlarged pulp chamber

31
Q

How does the FDI digit system work

A 
upper right (1)
upper left (2)
lower left (3)
lower right (4)
32
Q

On a tooth chart which sides are the lingual/palatal sides

A

Lingual/palatal will be the sides on at the top of the lower teeth and the bottom of the upper teeth

33
Q

How can you distinguish between Upper D’s and upper premolars

A

Upper D’s = triangular

Upper premolars = oval

34
Q

How can you distinguish between Lower D’s and lower premolars

A

Lower D’s = rectangular

Lower premolars = round

35
Q

Which cusp is pronounced on the upper and lower D’s

A

Mesio-buccal cusps

36
Q

What shaper the lower premolars

A

Circular

37
Q

Describe the root and crown of the deciduous lower D’s, include shape of crown, number of cusps and roots etc

A

Rectangular
Mesial height greater than distal
Two flattened divergent roots
4 cusps

38
Q

Describe the root and crown of the deciduous lower E’s, include shape of crown, number of cusps and roots etc

A

Rectangular
3 buccal, 2 lingual cusps
Distobuccal = smallest cusp
2 divergent flattened roots, one mesial, one distal
Mesial part of the crown is longer than the distal

39
Q

Describe the crown and root of the upper D, include shape of crown, number of cusps and roots etc

A 
Quadrilateral cross section with long buccal edge
Pronounced tubercle on buccal surface
Mesial height greater than distal
3 divergent roots
4 cusps, buccal-medial = largest
40
Q

Describe the crown and root of the upper E, include shape of crown, number of cusps and roots etc

A

Square
4 cusps, mesiolingual = largest
oblique ridge
3 divergent roots

41
Q

Whats the difference between permanent and deciduous canines

A

Permanent = larger, wider and yellower than deciduous

Oral Biology (Oral Cavity) (15 decks)

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