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Stage 2 Cheat sheets > Tooth morphology > Flashcards

Tooth morphology Flashcards

1
Q

Primary vs Permanent

a) size
b) shape
c) colour
d) hardness
e) roots
f) pulp cavities
g) dentine thickness

A

a) smaller
b) more bulbous
c) whiter = more proteins, less minerals
d) enamel is thinner so softer
e) thinner, shorter and more diverged
f) larger
g) thinner

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2
Q

Why are primary teeth less susceptible to inter proximal caries?

A

Less crowded

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3
Q

Difference in pulp horn position between primary and permanent teeth?

A

Primary = closer to EDJ

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4
Q

What do all primary teeth possess on labial/palatal surface?

A

Low rounded labial cingulum

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5
Q

Crown shape of upper primary 1?

A

Transverses equal to vertical height

Mesial angle RA, distal angle rounded

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6
Q

Root of upper primary 1?

A

Conical root compressed in labio-palatal direction

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7
Q

Primary vs permanent upper lateral

A

Primary = more acute medial angle and more rounded distal angle
Root is compressed in labio-palatal direction

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8
Q

Primary vs permanent upper canine

A

Primary = symmetrical, if it isn’t the cusp is displaced distally unlike permanent
Much fatter

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9
Q

Primary molars

A

Crowns of first primary molar intermediate in shape between permanent premolars and molars
Primary 2nd molars resemble permanent 1st molars

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10
Q

Upper primary first molar

a) crown shape
b) buccal and palatal cusps
c) roots

A

a) irregular quadrilateral (4 cusps)
Buccal side wider and palatal side shorter
b) convergence of buccal and palatal cusps towards midline
c) 3 roots (2 buccal, 1 palatal)

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11
Q

Which incisors have mesiodistally compressed roots?

A

All lower incisors

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12
Q

What is the angle of the mesio-incisal edge of upper central incisors?

A

90

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13
Q

How can you distinguish between lower central and lower lateral incsiors?

A

Lateral = asymmetric fan shaped crown with distal angle more acute than medial
Incisal edge distally is curved lingually
Central = symmetrical rectangular crown = both angles 90

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14
Q

Which ridge is shorter on all canines?

A

Mesial

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15
Q

State 2 differences between upper and lower canines

A

Upper canine - larger and longer root
Lower = difference in length of ridges is less pronounced.
Has a labial cingulum and is inclined labially

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16
Q

Which ridge is steeper on all canines?

A

Distal

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17
Q

Which pre-molars have disto-lingual accessory cusps?

A

Lower 5 almost always and lower 4 often

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18
Q

Roots of upper 4?

A

One buccal one palatal root, sported by the canine fossa

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19
Q

Are upper or lower pre-molar crowns more circular?

A

Lower

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20
Q

Which tooth has canine groove and fossa?

A

Upper 4

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21
Q

Which tooth has canine groove?

A

Upper 4 and Lower 4

22
Q

Difference in buccal cusps of lower 4 and 5

A

Lower 4 = very prominent buccal cusp and small lingual cusp

Lower 5 = better developed lingual cusp and smaller buccal cusp

23
Q

On which tooth is the medial ridge straighter and longer than the distal?

A

Upper 4

24
Q

Upper 4 vs Upper 5

A

Upper 4 usually has 2 roots (buccal and palatal) where as upper 5 has only one although it is deeply grooved
Buccal cusp of upper 5 is smaller than upper 4
Upper 4 has canine fossa and groove

25
Q

Describe the position of the palatal cusp compared to buccal cusp on all upper pre-molars?

A

More mesially

26
Q

Which molars have 3 roots?

A

Upper 6 and 7 = 2 buccal 1 palatal

7 may be partly fused

27
Q

Crown shape of upper 1st molar?

A

Rhomboid, with 4 cusps separated by H shaped fissure

28
Q

Largest cusp of upper 6

A

Mesio-palatal

29
Q

Accessory cusp of upper 6 and where it is found?

A

Tubercle of carabelli, on the mesio-palatal cusp

30
Q

3 types of upper 7

A
  1. similar to upper 6 but smaller and the disco-palatal cusp is reduced in size
  2. heart shaped = no disto-palatal cusp = 3 cusps only
  3. fusion of mesio-palatal and ditto-buccal cusps causes oval shaped crown
31
Q

Most common type of upper 8?

A

Resembles type 2 of upper 7 = heart shaped but may be reduced to rounded triangular shape

32
Q

How does reduction of upper and lower 8s differ?

A

Upper retains triangular shape and becomes rounded triangular
Lower retains rectangular shape or becomes circular

33
Q

Crown of lower 6

A

5 cusps = 2 lingual, 3 buccal

34
Q

Roots of lower 6

A

2 roots, 1 medial, 1 distal, deeply grooved

35
Q

Mandibular characteristic

A

Buccal cusp tilted lingually

36
Q

Difference in crown shape upper vs lower pre-molars?

A

Uppers are wider bunco-palatally whilst lowers are wider mesio-distally

37
Q

Crown of lower 7

A

square with 4 cusps separated by cross fissure

38
Q

Roots of lower 7

A

2 roots, may be fused 1 medial, 1 distal

39
Q

Crown of lower 8

A

Regular shape, normally 4 cusps, the fissure is often heavily branched so can have more

40
Q

Roots of lower 8

A

2 roots (medial and distal) one rot frequently sub-divided

41
Q

Which molars have 5 cusps?

A

Lower 6

Upper 6 with tubercle of carabelli

42
Q

Which molars have cusp of carabelli?

A

Upper 6

43
Q

In which direction are root apices pointed?

A

Distally

44
Q

Describe the number of cusps and crown shape of lower 7?

A

Regular square/rectangle = 4 cusps

45
Q

Which side, buccal or palatal, of upper molars has 2 roots?

A

Buccal

46
Q

2 main differences between crowns of permanent and primary teeth?

A

Permanent are larger and less bulbous

47
Q

Which primary molar is larger, D or E?

A

E

48
Q

Describe the medial ridge of lower C compared to distal ridge?

A

Shorter and steeper

49
Q

Difference between mesial and distal marginal ridge of all Ds?

A

Distal is flat against E, medial is sloped distally

50
Q

Why are primary roots diverged?

A

To allow room for the developing tooth germ beneath

Stage 2 Cheat sheets (9 decks)

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