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Histology 2 > Tooth Development and Structure > Flashcards

Tooth Development and Structure Flashcards

1
Q

When are the first signs of tooth development in weeks?

A

6 weeks

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2
Q

List the stages of tooth development.

A
  1. Bud stage
  2. Cap stage
  3. Bell stage
  4. Late bell/crown stage
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3
Q

What are the 2 embryological tissue derivatives of dental tissue?

A

Ectoderm and mesenchyme

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4
Q

What are the 3 stages in dentinogenesis?

A
  1. Cytodifferentiation
  2. Matrix formation
  3. Mineralisation
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5
Q

What occurs in matrix formation of dentinogenesis?

A

Odontoblasts produce predentine and then retreat inwards

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6
Q

What forms the dentinal tubules?

A

The long cell processes of odontoblasts

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7
Q

What cell form odontoblasts during cytodifferentiation?

A

Dental papilla cells

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8
Q

Define amelogenesis.

A

Formation of enamel

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9
Q

True or False: During amelogenesis, the enamel protein matrix secreted by ameloblasts takes a long time to mineralise.

A

False, mineralisation of enamel protein matrix is virtually immediate

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10
Q

At what percentage of mineralisation is enamel considered ‘immature enamel’?

A

30%

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11
Q

Why are deciduous teeth (baby teeth) whiter than adult teeth?

A

Enamel isn’t formed properly and is white as opposed to enamel that is formed to last a long period of time and is translucent, like on adult teeth

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12
Q

What is the function of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath?

A

Drive root development

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13
Q

What percentage of enamel is inorganic?

A

96%

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14
Q

Describe the amelodentinal junction.

A

The junction between the enamel and the dentine of a tooth.

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15
Q

List the properties of enamel.

A

2mm thick
Hard but brittle
Translucent
Covers anatomical crown

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16
Q

What is dentine?

A

A specialised C.T. consisting of 20% organic material like collagen that is strong and resilient and contains tubules

17
Q

What covers the root of a tooth?

A

A mineralised C.T. called cementum

18
Q

What property of cementum makes orthondontics possible?

A

Resistance to reabsorption

19
Q

Why is ground section histological examination better than a decalcified section?

A

Enamel is present

20
Q

What is the structure of enamel?

A

Prisms of tightly packed hydroxyapatite crystals in the core and then less tightly packed crystals in the sheath allowing for space for organic compounds

21
Q

What is the name for the incremental growth lines in enamel?

A

Striae of Retzius

22
Q

What are perikymata?

A

Shallow furrows where striae of Retzius reach the surface

23
Q

How do collagen fibres in dentine give strength?

A

Lie parallel to the amelodentinal junction

24
Q

What are the contents of dentinal tubules?

A

Cell processes
Nerves
Fluid

25
Q

Dentine is highly innervated. Where are most of the nerves located?

A

Pre-dentine and inner dentine in the pulp horns

26
Q

Describe the 3 types of dentine classifications.

A
  1. Primary: during tooth development up to root completion
  2. Secondary: After root completion
  3. Tertiary: Response to pulpal insult
27
Q

True or False: Acellular cementum is found closer to the enamel while cellular cementum lies below the tooth root.

A

True

28
Q

What makes pulp different to connective tissue?

A

Specialised cells - odontoblasts
Contained in a rigid chamber
Blood vessels with no valves
Densely innervated

29
Q

What are the layers of pulp from most peripheral?

A
  1. Odontoblast layer
  2. Cell-free zone of Weil
  3. Cell rich zone
  4. Pulp core
30
Q

What percentage of the pulpal innervation is unmyelinated?

A

70-80%

31
Q

What are the 2 sensations of myelinated fibres in the pulp?

A

Pain and pressure

32
Q

What is the plexus of Raschkow?

A

Section of pulp in the zone of Weil that monitors painful sensations

33
Q

Where is the marginal plexus found?

A

Around odontoblasts in the pulp

Histology 2 (6 decks)

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