Tooth Abnormalities Flashcards
The presence of teeth physically smaller than average. Typically affects:
Max lateral incisors
Third molars
microdontia
microdont
Presence of teeth physically larger than average. NOT used to describe teeth altered by fusion/gemination
often effect incisors and canines
Macrodontia “macrodont”
Enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of a multi-rooted tooth with apical displacement of the pulpal floor and bifurcation
Taurodont
One tooth trying to be two.
A single enlarged tooth in which the tooth count is normal when the anomalous tooth is counted as one
Gemination “twinning”
Two teeth trying to be one
A single enlarged tooth in which the tooth count reveals a MISSING tooth when the anomalous tooth is counted as one
Fusion
An abnormal angulation or sharp bend in a tooth root
Dilaceration
Well-delineated additional cusp on the surface of an anterior tooth
More common in the maxilla and in the permanent dentition
More frequently in Asian, Native Americans, Inuit people
Talon cusp
cusp-like elevation of enamel located in the central groove or lingual ridge of the buccal cusp of premolar or sometimes molar teeth
usually bilateral
Usually mandible
50% of cases pulp extends into accessory cusp
More common in native americans, asians and inuit people
Dens EVaginatus “Leong premolar”
Deep surface invagination of the crown or root that is lined by enamel
Dens INVAGINATUS “dens in dente”
These project from the surface of the root, though to arise from localized bulging of the the odontoblastic layer
Most common affecting maxillary and mandibular permanent molars
Enamel pearl
Non-neoplastic deposition of excessive cementum that is continuous with the normal radicular cementum
Hypercementosis
Union of two fully formed teeth along the root surfaces by cementum
May be seen in developmental and post-inflammatory contexts
Concrescence
Lack of development of one or more teeth
Hypodontia
Lack of development of six or more teeth, excluding third molars
Oligodontia
Group of inherited conditions in which two or more ectodermally derived anatomic structures fail to develop
Skin Hair Nails Teeth Sweat glands
Ectodermal dysplasia
Development of an increased number of teeth “supernumerary teeth”
Hyperdontia
Teeth that cease to erupt before emergence
Impacted teeth
Cessation of eruption after emergence
Anatomic fusion of cementum or dentin with the alveolar bone
Ankylosis
Tobacco stain is an?
extrinsic stain
pulpal necrosis can cause this
Internal resoprtion or pink tooth is this
tetracycline can cause this
Resorcinol can cause this
Bile pigment can cause this
Intrinsic stain
enamel defects secondary to excessive ingestion of fluoride
zones of yellow to dark brown discoloration “mottled enamel”
Fluorosis
Enamel defect in permanent dentition caused by trauma or periapical inflammatory disease of the overlying deciduous tooth
Focal enamel hypoplasia “Turner’s Tooth”
Secondary to systemic influences during tooth development such as exanthematous fevers
Localization correlated with developmental age of affected teeth
first two years of life = anterior teeth and first moalrs
age 4-5 = canine, premolars, and second molars
chronologic enamel hypoplasia
developmental alterations in the structure of the enamel in absence of systemic disease
Amelogenesis imperfecta
Hereditary developmental disturbance of dentin in the absence of systemic disorder
opalescent discoloration, bulbous crowns, cervical constriction, obliteration of pulp canals
Dentinogenesis imperfecta
Osteopenia and bone fragility
Mutation in one of two type I collage genes
dental alterations clinically and radiographically identical to DI
Osteogenesis imperfecta with opalescent teeth
Loss of tooth structure
Common things occur commonly
dental caries
Loss of tooth structure secondary to tooth to tooth contact during occlusion and mastication
Attrition
Loss of tooth structure caused by a non-bacterial chemical process
Erosion
Pathologic loss of tooth structure secondary to mechanical action of external agent
Abrasion
Loss of tooth structure from occlusal stress creating tooth flexure away from the point of loading
Abfraction
Common loss of tooth structure accomplished by cells in the periodontal ligament
External resorption
Uncommon loss of tooth structure accomplished by cells in the dental pulp
Internal resorption
