Developmental and Odontogenic Cysts Flashcards
Nasopalatine duct cyst Median Palatal cyst Nasolabial cyst Thyroglossal duct cyst Branchial cleft cyst Lymphoepithelial cyst Dermoid cyst
These are all what?
Developmental non odontogenic cyst
Most common developmental cyst
seen in patients aged 30-50 yrs
Male>Female
Appears as a swelling in the anterior palate
Well circumscribed radiolucency in the midline of the anterior maxilla
Nasopalatine Duct Cyst
These are rare and develop from epitherlium entrapped along the embryonic line of fusion of the lateral palatal shelves of the maxilla
Young adults
Appears as a swelling in the midline of the hard palate
Well circumscribed radiolucnecy in the midline of the hard palate, best seen on occlusal radiographs
Median palatal cyst
Arise from epithelial remnants along the lines of fusion of the maxillary process, medial nasal and lateral nasal processes
Female > male
appears as a swelling of the upper lip lateral to the mid line
Obliteration of the maxillary mucobuccal fold
Usually asymptomatic
Nasolabial cyst
uncommon
arise from the remnants of the thyroglossal duct epithelium
occur in patients below 20 yrs of age
presents as a fluctuant movable swelling in the anterior midline of the neck
painless unless infected
Thyroglossal Duct cyst
seen in young adults 20-40 yrs
presents as a swelling in the upper lateral neck along the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
branchial cleft cyst
keratin filled cyst within lymphoid tissue
any age, common in young adults
Appears as a small white or yellow soft tissue mass
Develops in areas of the mouth where lymphoid tissue is present
Floor of mouth. ventral and posterior lateral tongue, palatine tonsil, soft palate
lymphoepithelial cyst
most common in children and young adults
Presents as a fluctuant midline swelling in the floor of the mouth
If its above geniohyoid muscle = sublingual swelling
below geniohyoid muscle = submental swelling
Painless and slow growing
Dermoid cyst
Eruption cyst dentigerous cyst Odontogenic Keratocyst Orthokeratinizing Odontogenic cyst Gingival cyst of the New Born Gingival cyst of the Adult Lateral periodontal cyst Calcifying Odontogenic cyst Glandular Odontogenic cyst
are all what?
Developmental odontogenic cysts
Develops as a result of separation of the dental follicle from around the crown of the erupting tooth that is within the soft tissues
Children younger than 10
Associated with deciduous or permanent incisors and permanent 1st molars
Appears as a soft, translucent swelling in the gingival mucosa overlying the crown of the erupting tooth
Usually asymptomatic
Eruption cyst
Most common developmental cyst
Any age but usually 10-30 yrs old
Any unerupted tooth, commonly mandibular 3rd molars
Rx - appears as a well defined radiolucent lesion associated with the crown of the impacted tooth
dentigerous cyst
Common odontogenic cyst
Any age but usually 10-40
Mandible > Maxilla
Can be associated with Gorlin Syndrome
Well defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucency; it can mimic other odontogenic cysts
Microscopic features: cyst lining epithelium is uniformly thin (3-7 cell layers)
Odontogenic Keratocyst
Uncommon odontogenic cyst
young adults: mandible > maxilla
not a specific clinical type but a odontogenic cyst with orthokeratinized epithelial lining
Unilocular or multilocular radiolucency
Orthokeratinizing Odontogenic cyst
common lesions
maxillary alveolus > mandibular alveolus
Appears as multiple small white papules on the alveolar mucosa
Present in soft tissues
Micro: cyst lined by flattened epithelium
Gingival cyst of the New Born
Uncommon lesion
found in patients aged 40-50 yrs
tends to occur in the mandibular premolar, canine, lateral incisor area
typically located on the facial gingiva
appears as painless bluish or blue-gray dome shaped swelling
Gingival cyst of the Adult
uncommon odontogenic cyst
Patients age 40-60 yrs
Typically occurs in the mandibular premolar, canine, lateral incisor area on the lateral root surface of a vital tooth
Asymptomatic, detected on routine radiographic examination
Well circumscribed radiolucent area located lateral to the roots of vital teeth
Lateral periodontal cyst
uncommon, seen in any age
maxilla > mandible
anterior > posterior
Mostly found in the incisor canine areas
can be associated with an unerupted tooth
Well defined radiolucency or mixed lucent-opaque lesion
Calcifying Odontogenic cyst
Rare, middle aged adults mostly
Mandible > Maxilla
Anterior > Posterior
well defined unilocular or multilocular radiolucency
Glandular Odontogenic cyst
Periapical cyst
Residual cyst
Buccal Bifurcation cyst
These are all?
inflammatory cysts
A true epithelium lined cyst formed by stimulation of the epithelium at the apex of a non vital tooth
asymptomatic unless acutely inflamed
The affected tooth shows negative response to vitality testing
Movement and mobility of adjacent teeth are possible
Periapical cyst
A periapical cyst that is not removed at the time of extraction of the tooth
Cyst at the site of pervious tooth extraction
Appears as a persistent round to oval radiolucency at the site of previous tooth extraction
Residual cyst
Uncommon: Typically develops on the mandibular first permanent molar
May result from inflammation in the follicular tissue during eruption
Children 5-13 yrs of age
Pain, swelling, pocket formation and discharge in the 1st molar area
Radiolucency involving the buccal bifurcation and roots
Buccal Bifurcation Cyst
Simple bone cyst
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Stafne’s bone defect
Hematopoietic bone marrow defect
these are all?
Pseudo cysts
Common
seen in young patients between 10-20 yrs of age
Males > females
typically occurs in the mandible
empty or fluid filled cavity in the bone that is devoid of an epithelial lining
Rx - superior aspect of the cyst shows SCALLOPING between the roots of teeth
Simple Bone Cyst
Rare: children and young adults
Composed of blood filled spaces lined with fibrous CT
pain and swelling
unilocular or multiocular radiolucent lesion
Aneurysmal bone cyst
middle aged adults
Males>females
asymptomatic radiolucency near the angle of the mandible
Represents as a focal concavity of the cortical bone on the lingual surface of the mandible
Dx based on radiographic location and lack of symptoms
Stafne’s Bone Defect
Females > Males
Posterior mandible > maxilla
Asymptomatic, no expansion, detected on routine radiographic examination
Appears as a radiolucent lesion with ill defined borders and fine central trabeculations
Biopsy recommended for definitive diagnosis
Hematopoietic Marrow Defect
