Tools To Troubleshoot And Maintain OS (Chapter 3) Flashcards
Program installation
OS
- programs are OS dependent
System Requirements
- system meets the programs resources requirements
Program File directory
- data files installed to Home or All User directory
System Bit type
- 32-bit systems can only run 32-bit apps
- 64-bit system can run both 32-bit & 64-bit apps
External Hardware Token
An external hardware (USB, Smart Card) that stores some cryptographic user ID data
- 2FA
Programs and Features
- Repair, change or uninstall programs
- Enable or Disables optional windows features
Services
A non-interactive apps that can run in the background that provides windows with functions
-Found under Computer Management
- services.msc
Services Start up types
Automatic
- starts up when windows loads
Automatic Delay
- starts after all automatic starts have loaded
Manual
- service starts up when program opens
Disables
- prevent service from running
Service Recovery
Actions the service takes when failure occurs
- Restart service
- Run Program
- Restart Computer
- take no action
Services dependency
A list of service that is dependent on the main service
Task Manager
Program that allows for the monitoring of system resources in realtime
- End unresponsive applications
- Monitor system resources
- details allow to specify resources priority for apps
Command prompt Task Manager
tasklist
- list all running apps
task list /sv
- shows services
taskkill
- ends process
taskkill /pid
- kills a program by it’s process id
Windows performance
System
- shows a brief overview of hardware that is installed on the system
Advanced System
- allows you to change/modify performance, computer name, user profile and start up & recovery options
Performance
- pagefile space
- processor scheduling
- windows visual effects
Computer name
- allows PC to join a domain
Resources Monitor
Shows detailed version for resources utilisation
Reliability Monitor
Shows a log of system stability events of applications
Control panel\ security & Maintenance\ reliability history
Performance Monitoring
Configured detailed reports on different system statistics (objects) and log performance over time
- use the ‘+’ to add objects and instances of an object
Object
A data structure in windows that represents system resources
- CPU, Physical disks, Memory, Pagefile
Counter for objects
Are built in components of a system resources
- cache
Data Collector Sets
Windows log files that records information for viewing in real time or later
- allows the creation of a baseline
Counter logs
Windows log files that allows you to collect statistics about resources and can be used to determine system health & performance
Trace logs
Windows log files that allows you to collect statistics about services, including extensions to Event Viewer to log data that would be inaccessible
ODBC
Open Database Connectivity
A translation tool for databases that translates easy to use & understand tools like access into a hardware efficient language like SQL
Task scheduler
Microsoft utility that allows a user to run programs/batch file on scheduled intervals
Event viewer
A database of logs containing detailed information regards issues
- eventvwr.msc
Application
- logs of any errors caused by an program
Security
- logs of any security concerns
System
- logs of any hardware componet issues
System Configuration Utility
Used to modify and effect how the system boots and loads windows
General
- overall setting
Boot
- shows bootable OS
- OS boot options
Services
- enable/disable services on boot
Tools
-
Boot process
Firmware-controlled
- POST
Boot Manager
- boots OS
Windows Load
- loads kernel & drivers
- Starts services and winlogon
Time Drift
An issue with the system time which can cause synchronization, service and event issues.
Windows Resources Protection à
Windows feature that prevents essentialsystem files, folder & registry keys from being replaced/deleted, prevents program/OS failure
** sfc /scannnow **
- system file checker command that checks that all windows system files are present and not corrupted
sfc /scanonce
** sfc /scanboot**
- checks BCD files
Windows Memory Diagnostic
Utility to check the health of the installed RAM, can only be run when system is restarted.
Safe mode
Only loads the basic drivers and services needed to start the OS
- accessible via windows recovery - advanced options
- able to add in drivers and services one at a time to troubleshoot issue
- default resolution SVGA (800x600)
Ntbtlog.txt
Stores logs of events that occur during boot
C:\windows\Ntbtlog.txt
Safe boot tools
F1 - debugging
F2 - Enable boot logging
F3 - enable low resolution
F4 - enable safe mode
F5 - enable safe mode with networking
F6 - enable safe mode with Command prompt
F7 - disable driver signature enforcement
F8 - disable early launch anti-maleware driver
F9 - disable automatic restart
F10 - return to startup setting
System Repair Disc
Used to launch windows recovery environment via a CD-ROM. Can bring system to when the repair disc was created
System Recovery Drive
A bootable USB drive that can access windows repair tool and brings the system to factory default.
System can contain OEM partition on a drive that has driver specifics for the system. Backup OEM to recovery drive
Startup Repair
A built in diagnostic and repair tool, used to fix windows system files without changing user data/settings
System Restore
Allows for multiple restore points to be maintained and roll back from changes to the whole registry and reverse program/driver installation and updates.
- system properties \system protection
System Image
A duplicate of the OS including all installed software, settings & user data
- control panel \backup and restore
