Toni - Week 2 - Exam 1 Flashcards
What are the 5 Ps of Labor?
Passageway, Passenger, Powers, Position, and Psyche
What is the main part of the passageway?
Bony Pelvis - True Pelvis
What are the 3 parts of the true pelvis?
Inlet, mid pelvis, and outlet
What is the inlet?
opening - not important to OB
what is the mid pelvis?
the cavity
what is the outlet?
the lower opening - narrowest part of the pelvis
where is the smallest diameter of the pelvis located?
between the tips of the ischial spines - baby needs to be compatible
can the sacrum move out of the way?
yes, unless the sacrum is notched and cannot move
what are the 6 characteristics of the passenger?
fetal skull, fetal attitude, fetal lie, fetal presentation, fetal position, and fetal station
what are fontanels?
membrane-filled spaces where sutures intersect
- moldings overlapping of bones allowing skull to fit through the maternal pelvis
how many sutures make up the anterior fontanel?
4 sutures
how many sutures make up the posterior fontanel?
3 sutures
What is the fetal attitude?
posture of fetus determines the diameter of the head
what are the 4 different postures?
flexion, military, extension, and hyperextension
***flexion is the best position
what is fetal lie?
relationship of the fetal spine to the maternal spine
what are the 3 different fetal lie positions?
vertex, breech and transverse
what is fetal presentation?
part of the fetus that is entering the pelvis first
what are the 3 presentations?
head (cephalic), breech, and shoulder
what is fetal position?
relation of fetal presenting part to maternal pelvis what
what does the first letter for the fetal position in relation to?
side of mom’s pelvis that presenting part is directed towards; Left or Right
what does the second letter for the fetal position in relation to?
fetal presenting part; O = occiput
what does the third letter of fetal position in relation to?
location of presenting part in relation to front or back of maternal pelvis
what is fetal station?
relationship of top of presenting part to an imaginary line between ischial spines
When is the head said to be “engaged”?
at zero station
what is the primary force of labor? **power
involuntary uterine contractions
what is the secondary force of labor?
voluntary use of abdominal muscles during second stage
what is cervical effacement? **power
the thinning of cervix (aka cervical ripening)
- cervix gradually shortens
what does 0% effacement feel like?
not effaced (4 cm long) and feels like nose
what does 100% effacement feel like?
paper thin cervix - feels like lips
what is cervical dilation? ** power
the gradual opening of the cervix measured in centimeters from 0 to 10
T/F: cervix effaces before dilation.
TRUE, BUT sometimes multigravida efface and dilate at the same time
what are the three characteristics of uterine contractions?
duration, frequency, and intensity
what does duration mean?
length of UC from beginning to end
what does frequency mean?
time from the onset of one UC to onset of the next
what does intensity mean?
strength of UC (mild, moderate, or strong)
- woman will be able to tell you; or can push externally on uterus
what are 3 different positions?
squatting position, semi sitting, and semi reclining position
what are the 6 characteristics of psyche?
birth preparation, culture, previous experience, support system, emotional status, and environment
