Tongue muscles

Question 1

STYLOGLOSSUS

Answer 1

ORIGIN- Tip of styloid process of temporal bone

INSERTION- Side of tongue where fibres mix with hyoglossus

INNERVATION- XII

ACTION- Elevation and retraction of tongue

Question 2

HYOGLOSSUS

Answer 2

ORIGIN- Body and greater horn of hyoid bone

INSERTION-Inferior aspects of lateral part of tongue where fibres mix with styloglossus

INNERVATION-XII

ACTION- Depression and retraction of tongue

Question 3

GENIOGLOSSUS

Answer 3

ORIGIN- Superior mental spine (part of genial tubercle) – just behind/underneath lower anterior teeth

INSERTION-Body of tongue (fan into tongue substance)
Body of hyoid bone

INNERVATION- XII

ACTION-Depression and protraction of tongue

Question 4

PALATOGLOSSUS

Answer 4

ORIGIN- Palatine aponeurosis – anterior surface of soft palate

INSERTION-Side of tongue (fibres mix with intrinsic muscles of the tongue)
INNERVATION- X – pharyngeal plexus

ACTION- Elevation of posterior part of tongue
Narrows oropharyngeal isthmus for deglutition

Question 5

VERTICAL

Answer 5

ORIGIN-Submucosa of upper layer of tongue

INSERTION-Submucosa of lower layer of tongue

INNERVATION-XII

ACTION-Flattens and broadens the tongue

Question 6

TRANSVERSE

Answer 6

ORIGIN-Median fibrous septum

INSERTION-Fibrous tissue in the submucosa of the sides of the tongue

INNERVATION- XII

ACTION- Narrows and elongates the tongue

Question 7

SUPERIOR LONGITUDINAL

Answer 7

ORIGIN- Median fibrous septum
Submucous layer near epiglottis

INSERTION-Submucosa along the edges of the tongue

INNERVATION-XII

ACTION-Make the tongue shorter and thicker
Curls the tongue’s apex upwards

Question 8

INFERIOR LONGITUDINAL

Answer 8

ORIGIN- Root of tongue
Body of hyoid

INSERTION-Submucosa at the apex of the tongue

INNERVATION- XII

ACTION- Makes the tongue shorter and thicker
Curls the tongue’s apex downwards