Tongue Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the functions of Tongue?
(i) taste, (ii) speech, (iii) chewing, (iv) deglutition, and
(v) cleansing of mouth.
Tongue is basically divided into
1) A root
2) A tip
3) A body
Upper surface called dorsum
Inferior surface
What are the attachment of root of tongue?
Root is attached to styloid process and soft palate above.
To mandible and hyoid bone below.
Dorsum of tongue is divided into
Anterior two-third - Oral part
Posterior one-third - pharyngeal part
Small posteriormost part
Describe oral part of tongue.
Superior surface which has median furrow and is covered with papillae.
Inferior surface covered with smooth mucous membrane and has median fold called the
frenulum linguae.
Describe pharyngeal part of tongue.
It contains only lymphoid follicles which constitute lingual tonsil and forms anterior wall of oropharynx.
Describe posteriormost part of tongue.
It is posteriormost part of tongue and is connected to tongue by folds of mucous membranes.
Median glossoepiglotic fold
Left glossoepiglotic fold
Right glossoepiglotic fold
What is glossitis?
Ulceration
of the mouth cavity .
What is acute glossitis?
Enormous swelling of tongue due to presence of a rich network of lymphatics and
of loose areolar tissue in the substance of tongue.
Which part of tongue can be used to observe jaundice?
Undersurface of tongue.
Waldeyer ring is formed by
It’s part is formed by lingual tonsil in posterior one-third.
What are the papillae of tongue?
Projections of mucous membranes or corium on surface of anterior two-third which contains taste buds.
What are the four types of papillae?
Circumvallate papillae
Fungiform papillae
Filiform papillae
Foliate papillae
What is role of middle fibrous septum in tongue?
It divides the tongue in right and left halves with each half containing 4 Extrinsic and 4 Intrinsic muscles.
Name 4 Intrinsic muscles of tongue with their actions.
Superior longitudinal - shortens tongue with dorsum concave.
Inferior longitudinal - shortens tongue with dorsum convex.
Transverse - Make tongue narrow and elongated.
Vertical - Make tongue broad and flattened.
Name 4 Extrinsic muscles of tongue with their actions.
Genioglossus - protrudes the tongue
Hyoglossus - Depressed the tongue
Styloglossus - retracts the tongue
Palatoglossus - elevates the tongue
What is nerve supply of muscles of tongue?
Palatoglossus is supplied by cranial root of accessory nerve.
Rest all extrinsic and intrinsic muscles are supplied by hypoglossal nerve.
What is sensory nerve supply of tongue?
Anterior two-third
Lingual nerve for general sensation
Chorda tympani is nerve of taste
Posterior one-third
Glossopharyngeal is nerve of general sensation and taste.
Posteriormost part by vagus nerve
Nerve of muscles of tongue leave cranial cavity through
Hypoglossal nerve leaves cranial cavity through hypoglossal canal.
Carcinoma of tongue is more dangerous in posterior one-third due to
It is dangerous due to bilateral lymphatic spread.
Sorbitrate is taken sublingually for immediate
relief from angina pectoris because
It is absorbed fast
because of rich blood supply of the tongue and
bypassing of portal circulation.
Genioglossus is called the ‘safety muscle of the
tongue’ because
if it is paralysed, the tongue will
fall back on the oropharynx and block the air
passage.
Which muscle is used for testing integrity of hypoglossal nerve?
Palatoglossus muscle
If right side paralysed , tongue protrusion will deviate to right.
Taste from circumvallate papillae is carried by which nerve?
These are 10 to 12 in number whose taste is carried by 9th cranial nerve.
