T.o.K Midterm Flashcards
Rene Descartes believes that people have two distinct parts, what are they?
mind and body
The idea known as the _______ creates a problem in explaining how these two parts interact with each other.
mind-body problem
Some people believe that the only thing that exists is matter and are known as?
materialists
Some people believe that the only thing that exists in the world are ideas and are known as?
idealists
What is the method employed by Descartes in his Meditations I and II?
radical doubt
Descartes argues that people are born with ____ knowledge or capacity allowing us to to understand the world around us.
innate
John Locke argues against this idea, claiming that all knowledge is sense knowledge and that when we are born we are a ______________.
blank slate
What substance is used by both Descartes and Locke in their arguments about human knowledge?
wax
What faculty do both Descartes and Locke agree is used is used to make sense of our sensations?
reason
What does the term “a priori” mean?
can be known independent of experience
Sigmund Freud’s mind map
Ego – conscious mind, what we let people see
Super Ego – filter
ID – animalistic impulses, subconscious mind
What Greek philosopher said that the unexamined life is not worth living?
Socrates
What is the term for someone who will believe anything?
gullible
What is the term used to describe someone who questions everything?
sceptic
The true nature of truth: coherence, pragmatic, or correspondence:
Which theory affirms concepts or propositions because they are worthwhile or useful?
pragmatic theory
The true nature of truth: coherence, pragmatic, or correspondence:
Which is identified with idealistic philosophers?
coherence theory
When I explain to a person why I believe what I believe, what is the term for this?
justified true belief
If you see an event happen, what kind of knowledge do you have?
first-hand
What is the most ubiquitous form of second-hand learning, so much so that we usually take it for granted?
culture
Artist that create illusions and magicians both count on our what?
expectations
Due to the fact that we are constantly being bombarded with stimuli, what does our brain have to do with this data?
classify it so it is useful
Baseball umpires call runners safe or out to first base by seeing the play take place. On close calls, what might they use?
second sensation
If you are presented with a new idea, in the coherence theory, this idea must do what?
fit with existing beliefs
What are the three features of language?
open-ended and creative
rule governed
intended
The word means what it means is which theory or meaning?
definition theory
When using a term like freedom, a visual may enter your thoughts, what is this theory of meaning called?
image theory
People will sometimes use language that is ______ so if things do not turn out well, the meaning of the term did not imply consequences.
vague
When someone does not wish to offend, or present bad news on a harsh way, they may use a what?
euphemism
What are three types of definitions?
stipulative
theoretical
lexical
What are two types of formal reason?
deduction and induction
AEIO and categorical syllogisms
AEIO and categorical syllogisms
