TOEFL Notes (Cram)

Question 1

not harmful or offensive

Answer 1

innocuous “it was an innocuous question”

Question 2

not objectionable or harmful

Answer 2

inoffensive “the water ouzel is an agile, inoffensive creature | inoffensive wallpaper”

Question 3

a change or difference in condition, amount, or level, typically with certain limits

Answer 3

variation “regional variations in house prices | the figures showed marked variation from year to year”

Question 4

(of two or more people) fully in agreement

Answer 4

unanimity “the doctors were unanimous in their diagnoses.”

Question 5

be harmonious or consistent with

Answer 5

accord

Question 6

harmony or agreement between people or groups

Answer 6

unity “their leaders called for unity between opposing “

Question 7

in agreement or harmony

Answer 7

congruence “institutional and departmental objectives are largely congruent | the rules may not be congruent with the requirements of the law.”

Question 8

formal agreement

Answer 8

concordance “the concordance between the teams’ research results”

Question 9

help to explain (something) by providing further information about it.

Answer 9

shed light on

Question 10

make (something) clear; explain

Answer 10

elucidate “work such as theirs will help to elucidate this matter”

Question 11

provide or serve as a satisfactory explanation or reason for

Answer 11

account for “he was brought before the Board to account for his”

Question 12

standing out so as to be clearly visible

Answer 12

conspicuous “he was very thin, with a conspicuous Adam’s apple”

Question 13

highly obvious or conspicuous

Answer 13

glaring “there is a glaring omission in the above data.”

Question 14

recognizably different in nature from something else of a similar type

Answer 14

distinct “the patterns of spoken language are distinct from those of writing | there are two distinct types of sickle cell disease.”

Question 15

cause surprise or confusion in (someone), esp. by acting against their expectations

Answer 15

confound “the inflation figure confounded economic analysts.”

Question 16

(of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense

Answer 16

profound “profound social changes | profound feelings of disquiet.”

Question 17

(of something complicated or unaccountable) cause (someone) to feel completely baffled

Answer 17

perplex “she was perplexed by her husband’s moodiness”

Question 18

giving cause for alarm; serious

Answer 18

grave “a matter of grave concern.”

Question 19

cause (someone) to become perplexed and confused

Answer 19

bewilder “she seemed frightened and bewildered | his reaction had bewildered”

Question 20

totally bewilder or perplex

Answer 20

baffle “an unexplained occurrence that baffled everyone”

Question 21

a thing of little value or importance

Answer 21

confound “we needn’t trouble the headmaster over such trifles”

Question 22

a slight amount of something

Answer 22

shade “there is a shade of wistfulness in his rejection”

Question 23

a person with whom one works, esp. in a profession or business.

Answer 23

colleague

Question 24

a person or animal with whom one spends a lot of time or with whom one travels

Answer 24

companion

Question 25

a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning

Answer 25

inference “his emphasis on order and health, and by inference cleanliness”

Question 26

occur again, periodically, or repeatedly

Answer 26

recurring “when the symptoms recurred, the doctor diagnosed something different”

Question 27

more important than anything else; supreme having supreme power

Answer 27

paramount “the interests of the child are of paramount importance” “a paramount chief”

Question 28

a small remaining quantity of something.

Answer 28

remnant

Question 29

appoint (someone) to a specified position

Answer 29

designate “he was designated as prime minister”

Question 30

a long, narrow part or section forming the handle of a tool or club, the body of a spear or arrow, or a similar implement

Answer 30

shaft “the shaft of a golf club | the shaft of a feather”

Question 31

that is solely or no more or better than what is specified a lake, pond, or arm of the sea

Answer 31

mere “it happened a mere decade ago | questions that cannot be answered by mere mortals”

Question 32

a large group of animals, esp. hoofed mammals, that live, feed, or migrate together or are kept together as livestock

Answer 32

herds “a herd of elephants | large farms with big dairy herds”

Question 33

positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronom supremely

Answer 33

celestial “a celestial body” “the celestial beauty of music”

Question 34

an isolated hill with steep sides and a flat top (similar to but narrower than a mesa)

Answer 34

butte

Question 35

a large, thick, flat piece of stone, concrete, or wood, typically rectangular a large, thick slice or piece of cake, bread, chocolate,

Answer 35

slabs “paving slabs | she settled on a slab of rock” “a slab of bread and cheese”

Question 36

an isolated flat–topped hill with steep sides, found in landscapes with horizontal strata

Answer 36

mesa

Question 37

form or devise (a plan or idea) in the become pregnant with (a child)

Answer 37

conceive “a brilliantly conceived and executed robbery” “she was conceived when her father was 49”

Question 38

call people together for (a meeting)

Answer 38

convene “he had convened a secret meeting of military personnel”

Question 39

be a sign of; indicate

Answer 39

denote “his mark denotes purity and quaity”

Question 40

have one’s permanent home in a particular place be situated

Answer 40

reside “people who work in the city actually reside in neighboring towns” “the paintings now reside on the walls of a restaurant”

Question 41

a situation, object, or statement that is the reverse of another, or that corresponds to it but with certain terms transposed

Answer 41

the converse “if spirituality is properly political, the converse is also true: politics is properly spiritual”

Question 42

in spite of

Answer 42

notwithstanding “notwithstanding the evidence, the consensus is that the jury will not reach a verdict | [ postpositive ] this small contretemps notwithstanding, they both had a good time”

Question 43

coincidence

Answer 43

happenstance “it was just happenstance that I happened to be there | an untoward happenstance for Trudy”

Question 44

by that means; as a result of that

Answer 44

thereby “students perform in hospitals, thereby gaining a deeper awareness of the therapeutic power of music”

Question 45

by which

Answer 45

whereby “a system whereby people could vote by telephone”

Question 46

deduce or conclude (information) from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements

Answer 46

infer “from these facts we can infer that crime has been increasing”

Question 47

able to be trusted as being accurate or true; reliable

Answer 47

authoritative “clear, authoritative information and advice | an authoritative source”

Question 48

the occurrence, rate, or frequency of a disease, crime, or something else undesirable

Answer 48

incidence “an increased incidence of cancer”

Question 49

present as the strongest or main element

Answer 49

predominant “its predominant color was white”

Question 50

having or exerting control or power

Answer 50

predominant “the predominant political forces”