TOA Flashcards by Asteria -

The time for becoming acquainted, for examining requirements, for exploring assets, for investigating
controls, and setting timetables. In short, for charting course and setting sail. Energy conservation in the
finished structure will benefit greatly if at the kick-off meeting the client makes a simple statement to
the effect that energy conservation is a matter of concern and asks the team members for their off-the
cuff thoughts on the subject

Schematic Design

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His or her job is similar to a construction manager but limited to energy considerations. Functions
include programming, planning, technology, construction supervision, financing, and operations.

Energy Consultant

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What is the average service life of a building?

50 - 100 years

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Material in construction that was made by combining hydraulic cement and aggregates.

Concrete

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what do you call the configuration wherein different linear paths extend from a central common
point?

Radial configuration

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An invisible boundary surrounding the person’s body into which intruders may not come

Personal space

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A state in which a person employs psychological barriers to control unwanted intrusions

Reserve

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A building material that can be cast and rolled and manufactured in some way like metal

Glass

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A color that denotes purity, innocence and cleanliness

White

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It avoids ambiguity. It simultaneously makes spaces more interesting and more functional

Articulation

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A space that affords easy recognition and control of activities

Defensible space

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A color that stimulates creativity, productivity, pleasure, and optimism

Orange

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A type of anthropometry that deals with measurement of body sizes at rest and when using devices
such as chairs, tables, beds, mobility devices, and so on

Functional
anthropometry

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A type of vision applied to the ability to overlap the views, which are slightly different into one
image. The visual process created an illusion of three dimensional depth making it possible to judge
distances

Stereoscopic

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He/She Has responsibility for plumbing, heating, ventilating, air conditioning, electrical, and other
mechanical systems required by the building or its occupants. The actions of the client and architect
create the energy demands which the mechanical engineer satisfies

Mechanical
engineer

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This activity is carried out by large numbers of staff, many of whom may not have participated in the
broad explanatory investigations of the earlier decision-making phase

Construction
documents

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Born in Osaka, Japan in 1913. He graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1938 and studied city
planning at the graduate school at the University of Tokyo. Some of his works are St. Mary’s Cathedral
Tokyo and Peace Memorial Museum Hiroshima.

Kenzo Tange

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He is both an architect and an engineer. He often creates innovative works that depend on a firm
grasp of both the creative and structural aspects of design. His skills as an engineer allow him to create
sculptural surfaces and unusual spaces. Some of his works are Turning Torso Malmo Municipality,
Sweden and Auditorio de Tenerife Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

Santiago
Calatrava

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Believed in designing structures that were in harmony with humanity and its environment, a
philosophy he called organic architecture. Some of his works are Guggenheim Museum New York City
and Fallingwater (Kaufmann House) Pennsylvania

Frank Lloyd
Wright

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Their architectural firm’s designs emphasize the repetition of industrialized “modular” units in which
Pre-fabricated off-site-manufactured elements are frequently employed. Some of his works are 30 St.
Mary Axe (The Gherkin) London, England Hearst Tower New York City

Norman Foster

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He utilized texture, color, and structure in creative new ways. Designs were particularly significant
because of their response to site, material and form

Alvar Aalto

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Invisible boundary surrounding the person’s body into which intruders may not come

Personal space

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A delimited space that a person or a group uses and defends as an exclusive preserve

Territoriality

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According to the distant zones, how many meters does a person allow his/her friends to enter
his/her personal space?

1.20 m

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According to kinds of privacy it is a state in which a person employs psychological barriers to control unwanted intrusions.

Reserve

The characteristics and knowledge of a particular group of people, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.

Culture

According to multiple meanings of function in architecture, it is the function that can refer to intended uses and activities

Use and user function

These are the results of efforts made by governments to alter aspects of their own or social behavior in order to carry out some end or purpose and are comprised of complex arrangements of policy goals and policy means

Public policy

These are configurations of building forms and organizations having the ability to capture and define outdoor space. Their composition can be seen to consist essentially of linear forms. The corners of the configuration can be articulated as independent elements or can be incorporated into the body of the linear forms.

U-shaped configuration

In relation to the built environment, it refers to the purpose of a building or structure.

Function

This is some types of function cannot be quantified or expressed in instrumental terms, yet they cannot be ignored

Symbolic function

A concept of increasing importance to architects in urban centers today. As populations increase, cities become denser, resources diminish, and economies sober, architects will need to confront new methods of space making

Interiority

He designed the Walt Disney Concert Hall

Frank Gehry

Created innovative designs that borrowed materials and methods of construction from modern technology. One of his notable project is the Bauhaus School and Faculty in Dessau, Germany

Walter Gropius

It basically described as the law of beautiful proportions.

Golden section & Fibonacci series

This color increases physical energy, vitality, stamina, grounding, spontaneity and stability

Red

Associated with a feeling of lack of control over the environment

Crowding

A course-grained stone and should be used for large, bold forms with little carvings

Granite

Used for building purposes and for furniture. It can be used in its natural state

Wood

A type of approach that leads directly to the building’s entrance along a straight axial path

Frontal approach

Robie House by Ar. Frank Lloyd Wright is an example of what style?

Prairie style

A building entrance which maintains the continuity of its plane surface

Flush entrance

Consists of two sets of parallel paths that intersect at regular intervals creating square or rectangular spaces

Grid configuration

A state of being unknown even in a crowd

Anonymity

The staking claims to places; the manifestation of desire for control and expression of aesthetic tastes

Personalization

A distance zone that is allotted for stranger and with a gap of 1.20m to 3.70m – social distance

Social distance

A path that prolongs the sequence of the approach and emphasizes the three-dimensional form of a building as we move around its perimeter.

Spiral approach

A path-space relationship where the integrity of each space is maintained

Pass by spaces

The perceived surface quality of a work of art

Texture

A neutral color and denotes practicality and timelessness

Gray

A path configuration that is usually used in buildings.

Composite configuration

An extended plane with properties of length, width, and depth; form and space; surface; orientation and position

Volume

Japanese unit of measure. It originally designated the interval between two columns and it was standardized later for residential architecture

Ken

It can be either the roof plane that spans and shelters the interior spaces of a building from the climatic elements, or the ceiling plane that forms the upper enclosing surface of a room

Overhead plane

The characteristic outline or surface configuration of a particular form. It is the principal aspect by which we identify and categorize forms.

Shape

The applied science that coordinates the design of devices, systems, and environments with our physiological and psychological capacities and requirements

Ergonomics

The plane that is active in our normal field of vision and vital to the shaping and enclosure of architectural space

Wall plane

A type of transformation that is done by altering one or more of its dimensions and still retain its identity as a member of a family of forms.

Dimensional transformation

A type of interrelationship, the forms interpenetrate each other’s space. The forms need not share any visual traits.

Interlocking volume

It can be achieved by the consistent use of lines, color, material, and/or texture within a design

Unity

A system of two or more intersecting sets of regularly spaced parallel lines. It generates a geometric pattern of regularly spaced points at the intersections of the grid lines and regularly shaped fields defined by the grid lines themselves.

Grid form

Concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system

Cognitive ergonomics

Consists of linear forms that extend outward from a centrally located core element in a radiating manner. It combines the aspects of centrality and linearity into a single composition

Radial form

This type of relationship requires that the two forms have corresponding planar surfaces which are parallel to each other.

Face-to-face contact

One of the ancient styles of classical architecture, distinguished by its proportions and characteristic details, and mostly by the type of column employed. It is a way of proportioning the elements

Classical order

Virginia State capitol is what example of proportioning elements?

Classical order

A scale that refers to the size of a form when compared with our own human size

Human scale

Concerned with human anatomical, anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical characteristics as they relate to physical activity

Physical ergonomics

It basically described as the law of beautiful proportions.

Golden section & Fibonacci series

They are given by the phenomena of alternating ‘Figure’ and ‘Ground’ alternating perspective and retinal rivalry

Fluctuation

A type of balance that is informal, subtle and illusive. This type of design is more dynamic

Asymmetrical balance

What type of balance is the Taj Mahal?

Symmetrical balance

A circulation element that considers from outside to inside

Entrance

A circulation element that is based on distant view

Approach

A type of ergonomics that is concerned with the optimization of sociotechnical systems, including their organizational structures, policies, and processes

Organizational ergonomics

It is when a form or space is visually dominant and important by clearly differentiating their shape from the other elements in the composition.

Unique shape

It defines the perpendicular edges of a volume of space.

Vertical linear elements

Which of the following is not a character of linear form? a. A linear form can be segmented or curvilinear to respond to topography, vegetation, views, or other features of a site. b. A linear form can front on or de ne an edge of an exterior space, or de ne a plane of entry into the spaces behind it. c. A linear form can be manipulated to enclose a portion of space. d. They can be related by proximity alone to articulate and express their volumes as individual entities.

d. They can be related by proximity alone to articulate and express their volumes as individual entities.

The following are factors of sustainable architecture except: a. Possibility of early demolition if required b. Easily usable and effective structures c. Flexibility for changes of use d. Relationship of the design to the location and the building purpose

a. Possibility of early demolition if required

Which of the following is not a discipline of ergonomics? a. Anthropometry b. Biomechanics c. Mechanical engineering d. Electrical engineering

d. Electrical engineering

Which of the following is not an anthropometric variable? a. Standing eye height b. Standing shoulder height c. Popliteal height d. Length of feet

d. Length of feet

The following are basic characteristics of territories except a. ownership of and rights to a place b. personalization of marking of an area c. serve functions ranging from physiological to self-actualization d. staking claims to places

d. staking claims to places