HOA 2 Flashcards by Asteria -

Started in Britain and spread throughout the world although it was not seen as revolution but only new ways of making things. The “age of revivals” and “age of innovation”.

Industrial Revolution

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Famous Modern Architect and has been called the “father of skyscrapers” and “prophet of modern architecture

Louis Sullivan

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Definable broadly as the building style of the present day.

Contemporary Architecture

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Created prototype of modern architecture: free-standing glass sheath suspended on a structural framework, curtain wall

Walter Gropius

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Known for being a Structuralist with his designs. He designed an innovative façade for the University of Phoenix Stadium in Arizona.

Peter Eisenman

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The following are characteristics of Desert Modernism except:

Massive Sculptural (Structural) Shape

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One of the first skyscrapers in the world, it is a 10-story red brick office building designed by architect Louis Henry Sullivan.

Wainwright Building

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An architectural style that combined engineering and technology with political ideology. Most of its features include: glass and steel, abstract geometric shapes, technological details such as antennae, signs, and projection screens.

Constructivist Architecture

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A suspension bridge during the Industrial Revolution, its tower structure is made up of stone masonry. Its architectural style is Gothic piers, with structural expressionist cables and bridge deck.

Brooklyn Bridge

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Which of the following is a feature of modern architecture?

Little or No Ornamentation

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The Building Below is an architectural landmark in Los Angeles, California built during the Industrial Revolution. What is its architectural style?

Romanesque Revival / Italian Renaissance Revival

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An architectural style that is art free of any historical style derived from the “Arts and Crafts Movement”

Art Nouveau

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One of the pioneering masters of modern architecture with a saying “God is in the details”

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

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A stylistic idea of modernism that is a process of searching for the relationship between elements. In this idea, the structure is more important than function.

Structuralism

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The following are famous De Stijl architects except:

Vladimir Krinsky

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The following are features of Bauhaus Buildings except:

Rough Unfinished Surfaces

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He is an Italian contemporary, abstract, and functional architect. One of his most notable projects is “The Shard”, which is the tallest building in the United Kingdom (309 meters).

Renzo Piano

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One of the best examples of Industrial Revolution designed by Sir Joseph Paxton.

Crystal Palace

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Revival of Classical architecture during the 18th and early 19th centuries. It is characterized by grandeur of scale, simplicity of geometric forms.

Neoclassical

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An example of domestic Colonial architecture that is cruciform in plan. Built in brick, with its curved Flemish gables, high clustered chimneys, and classical details in the brickwork over its entrance.

Bacon’s Castle

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Built in 1906-1910 in Barcelona, also known as La Pedrera. It is an example of what architectural style?

Art Nouveau

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A post-colonial domestic building with English Palladian style and the official residence of the U.S. president.

The White House

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United States Capitol, Washington, D.C is an example of what architectural style?

Neo-Classical Architecture

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An inspiration in Second Eclectic Phase influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement in England, HH Richardson, Louis Sullivan, and Frank Lloyd Wright.

Romanesque and Gothic Inspiration

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The following architects use Bauhaus Style except:

Laszlo Moholy-Nagy

What is the name of the structure above that symbolizes New York City and embodies America's rise to global financial power in the 20th century?

Empire State Building

The first neo-classical monument in America, it uses Ionic order and was designed by Thomas Jefferson.

The Virginia State Capitol

A fine example of a Spanish Colonial palace in a rich late Baroque style, with lacey wrought-iron balconies overhanging a deep, arcaded loggia.

Ecala Palace

Which of the following structures is an example of Gothic Revival Architecture?

Trinity Church, New York

One of the oldest French cathedrals, it has a central wheel window and two western towers with high pointed louvered openings.

Notre Dame, Paris

Architecture that describes the European style of building design which flourished during the late Medieval era.

Romanesque Architecture

Representative of the bases of modern architecture, and is one of the most easily recognizable and renowned examples of the International style.

Villa Savoye

An iconic style of three-dimensional postmodernist art, it opposed the ordered rationality of modern design and is characterized by non-rectilinear shapes.

Deconstructivism

Frank Lloyd Wright, Peter Behrens, Adolf Loos, Eliel Saarinen, Walter Gropius, and Le Corbusier are architects famous for?

Modern Architecture

He never attended architecture school, studied engineering, and designed more than 1,000 structures, completing 532 works. He believed in designing structures in harmony with humanity and its environment.

Frank Lloyd Wright

The first major public building of Gothic Revival.

Big Ben

British architect best known as the designer of the Burj Al Arab in Dubai.

Tom Wright

Rock-like forms, fantastic scrolls, and crimped shells are worked up together in a profusion and confusion of detail, presenting a lavish display of decoration.

Rococo

A building or architectural feature designed to look out upon a pleasing scene. A roofed but open-sided structure affording an extensive view.

Belvedere

His work set an enduring stamp on the Early Renaissance style. His architecture is based on simple modular proportions and clarity of design.

Filippo Brunelleschi

Rich private residences which became a characteristic building type, influencing domestic planning throughout Europe.

Hotel

A material composed principally of paper, pulped into a dough-like consistency and molded to a desired form.

Papier-mâché

The principal floor of an Italian palace raised one floor above ground level and containing the principal social apartments.

Piano Nobile

A room used primarily for exhibition of art objects or a drawing room.

Salon

The following are characteristics of contemporary architecture except one.

Artificial Lighting

He states that “Humanity has an obsession with building big” and that “Tall has power.” These were his main reasons for designing tall constructions.

Cesar Pelli

His designs are known for their innovative structures focused on being environmentally and ecologically conscious.

Ken Yeang

He laid the foundation for what became the Bauhaus Movement or the International Style.

Le Corbusier

Tatlin's Tower, designed by Russian architect Vladimir Tatlin, is a proposed futuristic, glass-and-steel structure. It is an example of:

Constructivist Architecture

He is the architect of the World Trade Center, an office building in New York City that collapsed due to a terrorist attack.

Minoru Yamasaki

One of the best examples of structures built during the Industrial Revolution.

Eiffel Tower

He is the architect of TWA Flight Center at JFK International Airport, New York.

Eero Saarinen

A stylistic idea of Modernism which emphasizes form. The shape is often on a monumental scale and is the focus of attention.

Formalism

He created a prototype of modern architecture: free-standing glass sheath suspended on a structural framework, curtain wall. He established Bauhaus.

Walter Gropius

A stylistic idea of Modernism known as reductivism design, meaning reducing to a minimum or simplifying in an extreme way. Luis Barragan's house is an example.

Minimalist

The following structures are works of Frank Lloyd Wright except:

Wainwright Building

What is the name of the building below, which is the tallest building in the United Kingdom at 309 meters?

The Shard - Renzo Piano

Re-used the rounded arches, wall masses, and barrel vaults of the Romans but also introduced changes.

Romanesque Architecture

Straight tower shafts, generally standing alone, served as civic monuments, symbols of power, or watch towers. A bell tower, usually near but not attached to the body of a church.

Campaniles

Largest Medieval cathedral in Italy and third largest in Europe

Milan Cathedral

A circular window, usually of stained glass and decorated with tracery symmetrical about the center

Rose window

A relatively small, usually foliated ornament terminating the peak of a spire or pinnacle

Finial

A parapet having a regular alternation of merlons and crenels, originally for defense but later used as a decorative motif.

Battlement

A small tower forming part of a larger structure, frequently beginning some above the ground. Also called toureile.

Turret

The innermost and strongest structure or tower of a medieval castle, used as a place of residence, esp. in times of siege.

Keep

A steep mound of earth surrounded by a ditch and surmounted by a timber stockade and tower moat

Motte

A broad embankment of earth raised as a fortification around a place and usually surmounted by a parapet.

Rampart

A grotesquely carved figure of a human or animal, esp. one with an open mouth that serves as a spout and projects from a gutter to throw rainwater clear of a building

Gargoyle

The largest inhabited castle in the world and the official residence of the late Queen Elizabeth II

Windsor Castle

The largest ancient castle in the world

Prague Castle

A period that is also called "Flamboyant“’; flame-like window tracery or free-flowing tracery

Tertiare

It forms one of most famous building groups in the world - Cathedral, Baptistery, Campanile, and Campo Santo

Pisa Cathedral

Stated with Constantanian foundation, built on site of St. Peter’s tomb, pilgrimage site, burials, largest church until 12th century, four side aisle, clerestory, fresco, timber roof.

St. Peter's Basilica

A centralized church combined with basilica forms characterized by central octagon around column with four basilicas as arms

St. Simeon Stylites, Syria

The tomb of first Christian martyr who was stoned to death. It has circular plan with four entrances.

Church of Saint Stephen (San Stefano Rotondo)

The most complete and elaborate example of a Gothic brick-built castle complex in the characteristic and unique style of the Teutonic Order.

Malbork Castle

Gothic Architecture in England characterized by window traceries in "Geometrical" form, and later, with flowing tracery patterns and curvilinear surface patterns.

Decorated

The largest castle in England, it has a history going from Roman times to the Second World War.

Dover Castle

A royal fortress and London landmark. Its buildings and grounds served historically as a royal palace, a political prison, a place of execution, an arsenal, a royal mint, a menagerie, and a public records office.

Tower of London

It is one of the most significant and most visited landmarks in Italy and the fourth largest church in Europe. Also known as S. Maria del Fiore.

Florence Cathedral