TN Flashcards
is a specialty with in Nursing focused on the comparative study and analysis of different cultures and sub-cultures.
Transcultural Nursing
Various groups are examined with respect to their caring behaviour, nursing care, health and illness values, beliefs and patterns of behaviour
Transcultural Nursing
Norms and practices of a particular group that are learned and shared and guide thinking, decisions, and actions.
Culture
The individual’s desirable or preferred way of acting or knowing something that is sustained over a period of time and which governs actions or decisions.
Cultural values
An optimal mode of health care delivery; it refers to the variability of nursing approaches needed to provide culturally appropriate care that incorporates an individual’s cultural values, beliefs, and practices including sensitivity to the environment from which the individual comes and to which the individual may ultimately return.
Culturally diverse nursing care
defined transcultural nursing as: “A legitimate and formal area of study, research, and practice focused on culturally based care, values, and practices to help cultures and sub-cultures maintain or regain their health and face difficulties or death in a culturally congruent and beneficial caring ways”
Leininger
“is a comparitive study of cultures to understand similarities(cuture universal) and differences(culture-specific) across human group.”
Transcultural Nursing
(cuture universal)
Similarities
(Culture-specific)
Differences
known as the foundress of Transcultural Nursing, noted cultural differences between patients and nurses while working with emotionally disturbed children.
This experience led to study clinical difference in perception of the care.
She recognized that health and illness states are strongly influenced by culture and formulated the theory of Transcultural Nursing.
In 1950’s Medeleine M. Leininger,
In 1991, she published
‘Culture Care Diversity And Universality: A Theory Of Nursing’
In 1988 Transcultural Nursing Society initiated certification examinations
certified Transcultural Nurse (CTN)
There are two popular models widely used in the field
Leininger’s Sunrise Model
The Giger and Davidhizar: ‘Transcultural Assessment Model
The model is based on the concept of culture care and shows 3 major nursing modalities that guide nursing judgments and activities to provide ‘Culturally Congruent Care’
Leininger’s Sunrise Model
3 major modalities are
1) Cultural care preservation/ Maintainance
2) Cultural care Accommodation/Negotiation
3) Cultural care Repatterning /Reconstructing.
The care that is beneficial and meaningful to the people being served.
Culturally Congruent Care
An optimal mode of health care delivery; It refers to the variability of nursing approaches needed to provide culturally appropriate care that incorporates an individuals cultural values, beliefs and practices including sensitivity to the environment from which the individual comes and to which the individual ultimately return.
Culturally Diverse Nursing Care
This model was developed in 1988 in response to the need for nursing students in an undergraduate program to assess and provide care for patients that were culturally diverse.
The Giger and Davidhizar- Transcultural Assessment Model
_____ and _____ have identified six cultural phenomena that vary among cultural groups and affect health care.
Giger and Davidhizar
is the means by which culture is transmitted and preserved. Both verbal and nonverbal communications are learned in one’s culture.
Verbal and nonverbal patterns of communication vary across cultures, and if nurses do not understand the client’s cultural rules in communication, the client’s acceptance of a treatment regimen may be jeopardized.
Communication
Thus, an assessment of communication should consider:
1) dialect,
2) style,
3) volume, including silence,
4) touch,
5) context of speech or emotional tone, and
6) kinesics, including gestures, stances, and eye behaviour
refers to the distance between individuals when they interact. All communication occurs in the context of space.
Space
There are four distinct zones of interpersonal space:
1) inmate zone (extends up to 1 1/2 feet),
2) personal distance (extends from 1/2 to 4 feet),
3)social distance (extends from 4 to 12 feet) and
4)public distance (extends 12 feet or more)
refers to the social group organizations with which clients and families may identify.
Social organization
