TMS

Question 1

therapeutic applications

Answer 1

rising in popularity
- long term effects on lesions
- mood improvements in depression (DLPFC)
- reduction auditory hallucinations (temporoparietal stim.)

Question 2

rTMS in stroke rehab

Answer 2

you basically try to balance activity between hemispheres
- damaged side is supported by increasing activity (excitatory; high frequency rTMS > 5Hz, anodal tDCS)
- opposite for healthy side (low frequency <1Hz rTMS, cathodal tDCS)

Question 3

what do you have to consider before your TMS study

Answer 3

which coil
how much discomfort
risk
target area
limitations

Question 4

which was first coil and which is most commonly used

Answer 4

first: circular coil (not focal)
most common: figure of eight coil (very focal)

Question 5

what coils for deeper stimulation

Answer 5

double cone coil
H-coil

Question 6

what is the trade-off for the coils

Answer 6

spread and depth of stimulation
the deeper the more spread most likely

Question 7

how to choose target

Answer 7

either MRI or use landmarks on skull

Question 8

what are risks or discomfort factors

Answer 8

sensation over skull
commonly headaches
super rare: seizures
loss of hearing - that’s why earplugs

Question 9

limitations

Answer 9

99% knowledge based on motor system
therapeutic effects not understood
deep TMS always included shallow areas