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Oral Histology Exam 3 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

1
Q

what is a ossification center?

A

initial appearance of bone tissue in the area where each of the 206 bone organs of the body form

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2
Q

how many adult bone organs are there?

A

22 including 1 mandible, 2 maxilla

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3
Q

what is intramembranous bone organ development?

A

ossification center appearing within mesenchyme

ex. mandible, maxillary bones

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4
Q

what is endochondral bone organ development?

A

ossfication center appearing on or within a cartilage model

ex. ulna, femur

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5
Q

what is the difference of centers from bone to bone?

A

number of centers vary

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6
Q

how many ossification center does the mandible have?

A

2 (1 for each half)

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7
Q

how many ossification center does maxillary bones have

A

2 ossification center for each bone

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8
Q

what are mixed ossification centers?

A

have both intramembranous and endochondrial ossification centers- such as temporalbone

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9
Q

what are growth sites?

A

addition of bone tissue to bone organ

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10
Q

what are the growth sites of bone tissue formation?

A

periosteum, endosteum, haversian and volkmann canal, pdl

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11
Q

what is intramembranous bone tissue?

A

highly vascular connective tissue that bone tissue forms within

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12
Q

where are meckel’s cartilage?

A

one in each mandibular process of branchial arch 1

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13
Q

what is the role of meckel’s cartilage?

A

temporary skeleton of mandibular processes of branchial arch 1
serve as temporary attachment for muscles that eventually attach to mandible
each cartilage serves as models for 2 ear ossicles: malleus and incus
each serve as site for the appearance of 2 ligaments anterior mallelar and sphenomandibular
serve as temporary anterior lingual plate of forming mandible halves
serve as enclosed growth sites at the chin end of the mandible halves

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14
Q

what is the fate of meckel’s cartilage?

A

from the proximal part (inner ear cavity) to the distal part (chin), each cartilage serves as sites for:

  1. endochondral ossification centers for 2 ear ossicles: incus and malleus
  2. undergo retrogressive changes becoming 2 ligaments: anterior mallelar and sphenomandibular
  3. undergo growth, mineralization and resorption while serving as anterior growth sites and replaced as temporary anterior lingual plates by the encroaching bone tissue of the growing mandible halves
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15
Q

what does meckel’s cartilage serve as?

A

both ossfication centers of ear ossicles and as growth site of each mandible halves

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16
Q

what does enclosed anterior part of meckel’s cartilage serve as?

A

temporary lingual plate of the mandible halves

growth site of the developing mandible halves

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17
Q

how is the mandible formed?

A

mandible develops as 2 bilateral halves that exist through the interuterine period

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18
Q

when does osseous union occur between the halves of mandible?

A

end of first postnatal year

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19
Q

when does the mandible begin development?

A

6th embryonic week

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20
Q

what does the mandible arise from?

A

2 bilateral ossification centers within mesenchymal tissue, lateral to meckel’s cartilage

21
Q

where does the ossification center appear?

A

in the area where the inferior alveolar nerve branches into the mental and incisive nerves or the site of future mental foramina

22
Q

in what direction does the bone grow from the ossification centers?

A

anterior and posterior

23
Q

what is the anterior growth?

A

the bone incorporates the distal parts of meckel’s cartilages: this incorporated part of each cartilage become temporary lingual plate and a growth site of each mandibular half-toward the midline of the chin where the 2 halves approach each other

24
Q

what is the posterior growth?

A

the bone is in the form of a “U” featuring facial and lingual plates; the posterior end of the facial plate incorporates an independent piece of hyaline cartilage that becomes “condylar cartilage”- another growth site of each mandible half -grows posterior to the site of the future tmj

25
Q

does condylar cartilage arise from meckel’s cartilage?

A

no, independent

26
Q

what happens at the end of first postnatal year?

A

an osseous union occurs between 2 mandibular halves at distal or chin site: mandible becomes 1 of 22 skull bones

27
Q

what happens to proximal end of each cartilage

A

serves as the model for 2 ear ossicles and 1 ligament
malleus and incus ossicles (bones)
anterior mallelar ligament

28
Q

what happens to the middle area of each cartilage

A

sphenomandibular ligament

29
Q

what happens to distal end of each cartilage

A

temporary anterior lingual plate and growth site of mandibular halves

  1. start meckel cartilage enclosure
  2. meckel cartilage enclosed
  3. meckel cartilage mineralized, resorbed, and replaced by bone tissue- anterior lingual plate of mandible
30
Q

definition of joints or articulations

A

the place of union or junction between two or more bones of the skeleton

31
Q

synarthrosis

A

permits little or no mobility (fibrous and suture joints)

ex. between maxillary bones: between temporal and parietal bones

32
Q

amphiarthrosis

A

permits slightly mobility (Cartilaginous joints)

ex. pubic symphysis

33
Q

diarthrosis

A

permits a variety of movements (synovial joints)

ex. tmj

34
Q

ginglymoarthrodial joint

A

dual compartment structure and function:
ginglymo and arthrodial
ex. gomphosis joint- joint that binds a tooth to bone socket

35
Q

features of most freely movable joints

A

one joint cavity
incomplete articular disc
cartilage articular surfaces

36
Q

are features of most freely movable joint true for TMJ?

A

no

37
Q

What two bones form the tmj

A

temporal- squamous portion

mandible- condyloid process (condyle)

38
Q

what are the unique features of tmj?

A

complte articular disc
two joint cavities
soft connective tissue articulating surfaces

39
Q

what happens at 8 weeks embryologically for tmj

A

blastema or rudiments of tmj and site of condylar cartilage appearance
no cavitation`

40
Q

when does cavitation of lower joint cavity occur?

A

third month in utero

41
Q

what cartilage is the condyle composed of?

A

hyaline cartilage

growth site of the mandible

42
Q

what kind of growth occurs between articular connective tissue surface and condylar cartilage?

A

appositional growth

at lower end, cartilage is mineralized, resorbed and replaced by bone tissue

43
Q

how long does the condylar cartilage remain for?

A

until age of 25 when it is replaced by compact bone tissue

44
Q

appearance of 2 ossification centers of mandible

A

sixth week iu

45
Q

osseous union of mandibular halves

A

end of 1st year

46
Q

appear of blastema (rudiments) of tmj

A

eighth week iu

47
Q

cavitation within blastema of tmj

A

third month iu

48
Q

replacement of condylar cartilage by compact bone

A

25 year

49
Q

what does the tmj blastema form?

A

condylar cartilage
articular disc
two joint cavities
soft tissue articular surfaces

Oral Histology Exam 3 (5 decks)

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