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Kinesiology II - Test 1 > TMJ > Flashcards

TMJ Flashcards

0
Q

Where does the condyles of the mandible sit?

A

Mandibular fossa

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1
Q

What are the articular structures of the mandible?

A

Posteriorly - postglenoid tubercle

Anteriorly - articular eminence

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2
Q

Which of the two articular surfaces is the primary surface meant to sustain high forces?

A

Articular eminence

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3
Q

What type of cartilage does the articular eminence contain?

A

Fibrocartilage (not hyaline because hyaline cartilage cannot repair itself)

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4
Q

What type of cartilage can repair and remodel itself?

A

Fibrocartilage

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5
Q

What is the shape of the TMJ joint?

A

Convex on concave

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6
Q

What is the shape of the mandible?

A

Convex

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7
Q

What is the shape of the articular eminence?

A

Convex

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8
Q

What is the shape of the mandibular fossa?

A

Concave

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9
Q

How do you palpate the TMJ?

A

Through the external meatus to feel for the posterior aspect of the mandibularcondyles

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10
Q

What is the function of the articular disc?

A

Needed due to an incongruent joint

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11
Q

What are the two parts of the articular disc and what type of joint are they?

A
  1. Inferior - hinge joint (spins)

2. Superior - gliding joint (glides)

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12
Q

What comprises the inferior TMJ?

A

Mandibular condyle and the inferior surface of the articular disc

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13
Q

What comprises the superior TMJ?

A

Articular eminence and the superior surface of the articular disc

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14
Q

What is the function of the articular disc?

A

Increases stability, minimizes loss of mobility, reduces friction, and decreases biomechanical stress

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15
Q

Can the articular disc repair itself?

A

No, it is comprised of collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and elastin - but it is covered in fibrocartilage so that part can repair itself

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16
Q

What muscle assists with closing?

A

Lateral ptyergoid

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17
Q

What are the actions when opening the mouth?

A

Spin and then glide

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18
Q

What are the two parts of the bilaminar retrodiscal pad?

A

Superior lamina and inferior lamina

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19
Q

What is the function of the superior lamina?

A

Allows disc to translate anteriorly (opening)

Assist repositioning posteriorly (closing)

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20
Q

What is the function of the inferior lamina?

A

Limits forward (anterior) translation

21
Q

What part of the lamina is stretched during dislocation?

A

Inferior lamina

22
Q

What are the three positions where the joint capsule is loose?

A

Anterior, medial, and posterior

23
Q

What is the main direction of dislocation?

A

Anteriorly

24
Q

How does the doctor have the move the jaw when it is dislocated?

A

Doctor has to distract the jaw down and push the jaw back into place

25
Q

Is the joint capsule innervated and vascularized?

A

Yes - aids in detailed info on movement and position

26
Q

What is the main ligament in the joint?

A

Temporomandibular ligament - runs superior to inferior

27
Q

What is the function of the temporomandibular joint?

A

Limits downward motion, posterior motion, and rotation during mandibular depression

28
Q

What are the five osteokinematic motions?

A
  1. Mandibular depression
  2. Elevation
  3. Protrusion
  4. Retrusion
  5. Lateral excursion
29
Q

What are the four arthrokinematic motions?

A

Rolling, anterior glide, distraction, and lateral glide (not a lot of movement due to lateral joint capsule being strong)

30
Q

What is the normal ROM for depression?

A

40-50mm

31
Q

Describe rolling and gliding when opening the mouth.

A

Both anterior motions - rolling (spin) occurs between mandibular condyle and inferior disc and gliding occurs between superior disc and articular eminence (opposite when closing)

32
Q

What type of control occurs with the lateral ptyergoid?

A

Eccentric control of the disc when closing

33
Q

What limits protrusion?

A

Bilaminar retrodiscal tissue (superior lamina)

34
Q

What is protrusion important for?

A

Opening the mouth

35
Q

What is retrusion limited by?

A

Temporomandibular ligament and compression of the retrodiscal area

36
Q

What is retrusion important for?

A

Closing the mouth

37
Q

What is normal ROM for lateral excursion?

A

8-11mm

38
Q

What occurs during lateral excursion?

A

Ipsilateral condyle spins in transverse plane and contralateral condyle translates anteriorly - ex: left lateral excursion = left side spins and right side translates anteriorly

39
Q

What is deviation?

A

“S” curve - returns to midline

40
Q

What is deflection?

A

“C” curve - does not return to midline

41
Q

What is the function of the temporalis?

A

Closing, retrusion, and ipsilateral deviation

42
Q

What is the function of the masseter?

A

Closing and retrusion

43
Q

What is the function of lateral pterygoid?

A

Protrusion and contralateral deviation

44
Q

What is the function of the medial pterygoid?

A

Closing, protrusion, and contralateral deviation

45
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid, and stylohyoid

46
Q

What is the function of the suprahyoid muscles?

A

Mandibular depression

47
Q

What are the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid

48
Q

What is the function of the infrahyoid muscles?

A

Stabilize the hyoid

49
Q

What is the resting position of the TMJ?

A

1.5-5mm opening (teeth are not touching) - TMJ stress is decreased

50
Q

What is the disadvantage of forward head posture?

A

Jaw retrudes which compresses the retrodiscal tissue, so the massication muscles have to overwork to close the jaw - infrahyoid muscles are put on stretch which pulls the hyoid posteriorly and causes retrusion

51
Q

Which lateral pterygoid is contracted with deviation to the left?

A

Right lateral pterygoid

Kinesiology II - Test 1 (4 decks)

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