TMJ

Question 1

normal depression ROM

Answer 1

40-50 mm

Question 2

how many fingers for functional depression?

Answer 2

2 fingers functional

Question 3

how many fingers for normal?

Answer 3

3 fingers normal

Question 4

translation and rotation:

1st rotation

Answer 4

11-25 mm anterior rotation of condyle on disk –> posterior roll of mandible

Question 5

2nd translation

Answer 5

both condyle and disc anterior and inferior –> anterior slide of condyle

Question 6

control of disc - depression

disc translates along the articular eminence, retrodiscal lamina limits translation

Answer 6

passively

Question 7

control of disk - depression

no active contraction of superior lateral pterygoid
-possibly inferior fibers of lateral pterygoid

Answer 7

actively

Question 8

elasticity of the superior retrodisc lamina applies traction force posteriorly

Answer 8

passive

Question 9

where does protrusion and retrusion occur?

Answer 9

superior portion of the joint

Question 10

anterior translation without rotation of the inferior joint

Answer 10

protrusion

Question 11

translation posteriorly

Answer 11

retrusion

Question 12

protrusion:

bilateral lamina stretches _____ to allow complete motion

Answer 12

6-9 mm

Question 13

retrusion: translation posteriorly how many mm?

Answer 13

3 mm

Question 14

what is the normal degree of lateral exursion?

Answer 14

8-11 mm

Question 15

mandible moves away from midline during mandibular depression and stays to L or R

Answer 15

deflection

Question 16

mandible moves away from midline during mandibular depression or protrusion and RETURNS to midline at end range

Answer 16

deviation

Question 17

dentition:

freeway space

Answer 17

normal rest position with 1.5-5m of space between upper and lower teeth when at rest

Question 18

joint hyper-mobility what is the range

Answer 18

opening > 40 mm

Question 19

what is the S curve? deflection or deviation

Answer 19

deviation

Question 20

what is the C curve? deflection or deviation

Answer 20

deflection

Question 21

allow mouth to open wider:
what happens to the inferior TMJ

what happens to the superior TMJ

Answer 21

inferior TMJ: posterior roll of the mandibular condyle

superior TMJ: anterior slide

Question 22

allow mouth to close:
what happens to the inferior TMJ

what happens to the superior TMJ

Answer 22

inferior: anterior roll of of the mandibular condyle

superior: posterior slide

Question 23

which articular disc placement causes clicks?

Answer 23

reduction

Question 24

what is articular disc displacement without reduction?

Answer 24

posterior attachments overstretched, unable to relocate during depression

Question 25

Anticipatory postural adjustments (APA)

Answer 25

precede actual movement based on experience and sensory integration

Question 26

Compensatory Postural Adjustments (CPA)

Answer 26

respond to sensory feedback strategies to restore balance/postural control

Question 27

control of posture - static postural sway

Answer 27

gravity and inertia create constant external forces to produce movement within the limits of stability

Question 28

postural control strategies: first strategy employed

Answer 28

ankle strategy

Question 29

postural control strategies: manages small perturbations

Answer 29

ankle strategy

Question 30

postural control strategies: distal to proximal muscle activation patterns

Answer 30

ankle strategy

Question 31

postural control strategies: larger perturbations or BOS is smaller

Answer 31

hip strategy

Question 32

postural control strategies: proximal to distal muscle activation pattern

Answer 32

hip strategy

Question 33

when does dynamic anticipatory postural adjustments occur?

Answer 33

100 ms prior to planned movement

Question 34

when does anticipatory synergy adjustments occur?

Answer 34

250-300 ms prior to planned movement

Question 35

kinetics and kinematics: force produced by ground in stance or during gait

Answer 35

ground reaction force

Question 36

kinetics and kinematics: occur at joint as a result of combined internal and external forces

Answer 36

joint reaction force

Question 37

kinetics and kinematics: represents a sum of all contact pressures in a single point of application

Answer 37

center of pressure

Question 38

when line of gravity passes directly through a joint, what happens?

Answer 38

no moment is created

Question 39

when line of gravity passes at a distance form the axis of rotation, what happens?

Answer 39

an external moment is created

Question 40

what measurements can you use for fall risks?

Answer 40

postural sway and CoP

Question 41

internal moments are minimized by having the external moments be as small as possible

Answer 41

optimal posture

Question 42

sagittal view analysis: line drawn from hip axis to midpoint of sacral endplate, and a line perpendicular to center of sacral endplate

Answer 42

pelvic incidence

Question 43

sagittal view analysis: angle created by a line drawn parallel to sacral endplate and line from the horizontal

Answer 43

sacral slope

Question 44

sagittal view analysis: angle between horizontal and line drawn between ASIS and PSIS

Answer 44

pelvic tilt

Question 45

associated with vertebral compression fractures

Answer 45

hyperkyphosis

Question 46

reduction of intervertebral disc heights and hypertrophy of zygapophyseal joints/capsules/ligaments

Answer 46

spondylosis

Question 47

fracture of pars interarticularis

Answer 47

spondylosis

Question 48

superior vertebral body slips anterior to vertebra below it

Answer 48

spondylolisthesis

Question 49

forward head posture

Answer 49

craniocervical extension, lower cervical flexion, and forward position of shoulders

Question 50

sway back posture

Answer 50

increased lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis

Question 51

genu varum

Answer 51

bow legs

Question 52

genu valgum

Answer 52

knock knees

Question 53

genu recurvatum

Answer 53

hyperextension of the knee (> = 10 degrees)

Question 54

foot posture: neutral

Answer 54

aligned both in rear and forefoot

Question 55

pronated or flat foot

Answer 55

pes planus

Question 56

supinated or high arch

Answer 56

pes cavus