TMD Flashcards
What type of joint is the TMJ?
synovial, condylar, hinge-type
The fibrocartilage of the mandibular fossa is
a. nociceptive
b. avascular
c. neural
d. aneural
e. b and d
avascular and aneural
What shapes can the mandibular condyle have?
convex
flat
angular
rounded
The articular disc is
a. innervated in the center
b. avascular
c. aneural
d. vascularized and innervated in the periphery
vascularized and innervated in the periphery
What is the function of the articular disc?
increases lubrication
decreases wear
increases congruity
space filler
The disc can adapt to incongruent shapes of the mandibular head (true/false)
true
The disc can be a source of pain due to
displacement or deform
The superior TM joint (rotates/glides and translates)
glides and translates
The inferior TM joint (rotates/glides and translates)
rotates
This structure is loose connective tissue attached to the posterior aspect of the disc, it is highly innervated and vascularized
a. condylar fossa
b. temporomandibular ligament
c. retrodiscal tissue
d. articular disc
retrodiscal tissue
The retrodiscal tissue is
a. avascular and innervated
b. innervated and vascular
c. avascular
d. aneural
innervated and vascular
This supporting structure limits distraction and downward movements of the condyle, and stabilizes the meniscus
a. joint capsule
b. posterior ligaments
c. medial collateral ligaments
d. temporomandibular ligament
joint capsule
This supporting structure limits excessive movement by the mandible as the mouth opens, limited anterior translation of the condyle
a. joint capsule
b. posterior ligaments
c. medial collateral ligaments
d. temporomandibular ligament
temporomandibular ligament
This supporting structure limits medial translation of the condyle and prevents lateral disc placement
a. joint capsule
b. posterior ligaments
c. medial collateral ligaments
d. temporomandibular ligament
medial collateral ligament
This supporting structure limits posterior condyle disc displacement and anterior disc
a. joint capsule
b. posterior ligaments
c. medial collateral ligaments
d. temporomandibular ligament
posterior ligaments
Which muscle guides the biting motion
a. masseter
b. lateral pterygoid
c. medial pterygoid
d. temporalis
temporalis
This muscle has 2 layers and contributes to clenching and grinding
a. masseter
b. lateral pterygoid
c. medial pterygoid
d. temporalis
masseter
This muscle attaches to the disc which may cause problems if it becomes tight
a. masseter
b. lateral pterygoid
c. medial pterygoid
d. temporalis
lateral pterygoid
What is the TMJ innervated by?
trigeminal
This position is with the mouth open, teeth not in contact, and movement of the mandible starts and end here
a. occulsal position
b. open pack
open pack
Teeth are in full contact, clenched, and heads of condyles are in posterior aspect of the joint
a. open pack
b. occulsal position
ossulsal position
This motion occurs between the articular disc and condyle
a. elevation
b. rotation/hinge
c. translation
d. depression
rotation/hinge
This motion is when the condyle slides forward and runs out of movement the disc cushions the upper condyle
a. elevation
b. rotation/hinge
c. translation
d. depression
translation
What are red flags to be aware of?
upper cervical red flags drop attacks nystagmus with C/S ROM limb paresthesia, ataxia, weakness lip paresthesia with C/S ROM
What are typical symptoms with TMD?
pain in TMJ and masticatory muscles
restricted mouth opening
joint noises
It is irrelevant to check the cervical spine or treat it (true/false)
false
What are you looking for with MMT?
pain provocation
Whar areas are the most common sources of referred pain to the craniofacial region
a. medial pterygoid, temporalis, masseter
b. lateral pterygoid ara, trap, masseter
c. masseter, hyoid, temporalis
d. lateral pterygoid and masseter
lateral pterygoid ara, trap, masseter
This pathology is indicated by clicking and can be the first sign of dysfunction of TMJ
a. disc displacement without reduction
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
disc displacement with reduction
What is the most common type of disc displacement with reduction?
reciprocal clicking
This dysfunction is when the disc remains in the displaced position during mandibular movement
a. disc displacement without reduction
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
disc displacement without reduction
Patient with this dysfunction usually says “my jaw used to click and pop, but now it does not”
a. disc displacement without reduction
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
disc displacement without reduction
This dysfunction is characterized by crepitus and patient complains of grating, or grinding symptoms, tender with palpation
a. disc displacement without reduction
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
OA
This patient has a chronic restriction of motion
a. disc displacement without reduction
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
OA
This patient will present with prolonged inability to close the mandible from a max opening position
a. disc displacement without reduction
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
dislocation or sublux
The condyle can be caught in front of the _ _
articular eminence
This dysfunction is a localized inflammatory condition of the synovial tissue
a. synovitis/retrodiscal irritation
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
synovitis/retrodiscal irritation
This is secondary to degeneration, trauma or secondary systemic connective tissue disorder
a. synovitis/retrodiscal irritation
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
synovitis/retrodiscal irritation
This patient has increased pain with joint compression and joint movement and relief with distraction
a. synovitis/retrodiscal irritation
b. OA
c. disc displacement with reduction
d. dislocation or sublux
synovitis/retrodiscal irritation
Pain will occur with outer range opening, distraction of joint or any posterior displacement of the condyle
a. trismus
b. capsulitis
c. synovitis
d. OA
capsulitis
This dysfunction is restricted active mandibular motion due to tonic contraction of the muscles to mastication
a. trismus
b. capsulitis
c. synovitis
d. OA
trismus
This restriction of mandibular movement is caused by articular dysfunction or tissue damage
a. trismus
b. capsulitis
c. synovitis
d. OA
trismus
This injury occurs due to acute, severe psychological stress
hysterical trismus
What muscles should be treated with soft tissue mobilization?
masseter temporalis pterygoids suprahyoid cervical musculature
Which directions are good for joint mobilization?
inferior glide/distraction
distraction with anterior glide
lateral glide
upper cervical distraction
Exercise options for TMD
tongue clucking control rotation mandibular rhythmic stabilization head nods head retraction scapular retraction
head nods target (upper cervical/lower cervical)
upper cervical
retraction targets (upper cervical/lower cervical)
lower cervical
Patient presents with dizziness, constant headaches, neck is rigid, has difficulty lying flat and night pain. Should you treat this patient?
no RED FLAGS
What is the most common symptom with TMD?
a. jaw joint noises
b. pain with mouth opening
c. jaw locking
d. ear/cheek and facial pain
pain with mouth opening
