Tissues, Organs, Organ System Flashcards
WHY ARE ORGAN SYSTEMS DEVELOPED?
Large multicellular organisms need to exchange materials with their environment and develop systems to do so
WHAT IS CELL DIFFERENTIATION ?
CELLS BECOME SPECIALISED
During the development of a multicellular organism, cells differentiate so that they can carry out different functions
WHAT IS A TISSUE?
A tissue is a group of specialised cells that have similar structures and functions
3 TYPES OF TISSUES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS?
Muscular Tissue
• contracts, bringing out movement
Glandular Tissue
• produces substances such as enzymes and hormones
Epithelial tissues
• covers some parts of the body
3 TISSUES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS IN THE STOMACH !!!
Muscular tissue —churns food
Glandular tissue — produces digestive juiced including acid and enzymes
Epithelial tissue - covers the inner and outer surfaces of the stomach
WHAT IS THE ORGAN SYSTEM
The organ system is a group of organs that work together to carry out a particular function
4 TYPES OF ORGAN SYSTEMS
- Nervous system
- respiratory system
- digestive system
- reproductive system
The function of:
PANCREAS AND THE SALIVARY GLANDS
Produces digestive juices and enzymes called amylase
Function of:
THE STOMACH
DIGESTS FOOD
Function of:
THE LIVER
Produces bile
Function of:
SMALL INTESTINES
Digests and absorbs soluble food
Function of:
LARGE INTESTINE
absorbs water from undigested food, producing faeces
PLANTS ARE MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
True or false?
TRUE
WHAT ARE THE 3 MAIN ORGANS OF A PLANT?
- STEM (supports, elevates leaves, transports fluids between roots and shoots - Xylem and phloem)
- ROOTS (To absorb and deliver water and nutrients, acts as an anchor
- LEAVES (helps plant produce food
3 PLANT TISSUES
• epidermal tissue
Cover the plant
• mesophyll
Carries out photosynthesis
• xylem and phloem
Transports substances around the plant
WORD EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Carbon dioxide \+ Water = ((light energy)) Glucose \+ Oxygen
SYMBOL EQUATION FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CO2 + H(2)0 —> C6H12O6 02
WHAT DOES XYLEM TRANSPORT
Transports water and mineral ions
WHAT DOES PHLOEM TRANSPORT
Transports the sugars
WHAT IS THE RATE OF PHOTO SYNTHESIS
the speed at which photosynthesis takes place
LIMITING FACTORS OF
photosynthesis
- temperature
- amount of water/ CO2 available
- light intensity
BENEFITS OF GREENHOUSES
Conditions can be controlled
• artificial light means plants photosynthesise 24 hours
• artificial heating allows photosynthesis to continue at an increased rates
• additional carbon dioxide released
WHAT IS WIDELY USED TO INCREASE THE RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN A GREENHOUSE?
A paraffin lamp
NEGATIVES OF PARAFFIN LAMPS
- evaporation rates will increase, not enough water, decrease in photosynthesis
- stomata close in heat (no diffusion of CO2
- enzymes begin to denature so cannot carry out their functions
PHYSICAL FACTORS AFFECTING ORGANISMS
• temperature • amount of light • availability of water Nutrients CO2 and oxygen
METHODS OF COLLECTION DATA (distribution of organisms)
TRANSECTS
A line across a habitats, recorded and observed at intervals
QUADRATS
square wires 10 x 10, can me measured systematically or randomly
