Enzymes

Question 1

THE MODEL USED TO SHOW ENZYMES AND SUBSTRATES

Answer 1

Lock and key model

Question 2

WHAT IS AN ENZYME?

Answer 2

A biological catalyst which speeds up a reactions

All enzymes are made up of proteins

Question 3

WHAT HAPPENS TO ENZYMES WHEN THE TEMPERATURE INCREASES

Answer 3

At about 40 degrees they begin to denature which leads to the active site changing shape, so the substrate can no longer fit

Question 4

WHAT IS THE ACTIVE SITE

Answer 4

The active site is a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction

Question 5

WHAT IS STARCH

Answer 5

Starch is a large molecule made of a chain of smaller glucose molecules

( our body uses an enzyme called amylase to break them down )

Question 6

WHAT EXPERIMENT CAN BE USED TO IDENTIFY IF THERE IS STARCH IN A MIXTURE

Answer 6

Idodine.

• Iodine turns blue/black when starch is present
• Iodine stays orangey brown when mixed with glucose

Question 7

WHAT DOES THE ENZYME CATALASE BREAK DOWN INTO?

Answer 7

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

water and oxygen

Question 8

WHY IS THE RATE OF REACTION QUICKER AT THE BEGINNING OF AN EXPERIMENT

Answer 8

There are more substrates available to fit into the active site

Question 9

ORDER OF DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Answer 9

Mouth
Oesophagus 
Stomach
Liver
Small intestines 
Large intestines 
Rectum
Anus

Question 10

Enzymes used in digestion

AMYLASE

where is it produced, what does it break down

Answer 10

Produced in the
Salivary glands, pancreas, small intestines

Breaks down starch into glucose

Question 11

Enzymes used in digestion

PROTEASES

Where is it produced what does it break down

Answer 11

Produced in the stomach pancreas and small intestines

Catalyse the breach down of proteins into amino acids

Question 12

Enzymes used in digestion

LIPASES

Where is it produced, what does it break down?

Answer 12

Produced by the pancreas and small intestine

Catalyse the breakdown of lipids (fats and oils) into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine

Question 13

3 USES OF ENZYMES

Answer 13

Biological detergents
• contains proteases and lipases (more effective at low temps)

Baby foods
• contains proteases
Pre digests proteins

Question 14

USES OF ENZYMES IN INDUSTRY

Answer 14

Carbohydrates are used
to convert starch into sugars

Enzymes allow certain industrial processes to be carried out at normal temperatures and pressures
— reduces the amount of energy and expensive equipment needed