Tissues (Ch.23)

Question 1

Tissues

Answer 1

A group of cells of the same type that perform a particular function.

Question 2

A group of cells of the same type that perform a particular function.

Answer 2

Tissues

Question 3

Four general classes of tissues

Answer 3

1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscle
4. Nerve

Question 4

Organs

Answer 4

Body structures made up of several different tissues grouped together.

Question 5

Body structures made up of several different tissues grouped together.

Answer 5

Organs

Question 6

Organ System

Answer 6

A group of organs that work together to carry out an important function.

Question 7

A group of organs that work together to carry out an important function.

Answer 7

Organ System

Question 8

The epithelium function in three ways

Answer 8

1. to protect tissues beneath them from dehydration
2. to provide sensory surfaces
3. to secrete materials

Question 9

How are epithelial tissues classified?

Answer 9

Classified into three types according to their shapes:

1. squamous (flat)
2. cuboidal
3. columnar

Question 10

Simple epithelium

Answer 10

Kind of epithelial layer. It has only one cell layer and is important for exchanging materials across it.

Question 11

Kind of epithelial layer. It has only one cell layer and is important for exchanging materials across it.

Answer 11

Simple epithelium

Question 12

Stratified epithelium

Answer 12

King of epithelial layer. Multiple cell layers in thickness and provides cushioning and protection. It is found in skin and it continually replaced.

Question 13

King of epithelial layer. Multiple cell layers in thickness and provides cushioning and protection. It is found in skin and it continually replaced.

Answer 13

Stratified epithelium

Question 14

Cuboidal epithelium

Answer 14

has a secretory function and often forms glands

Question 15

Endocrine glands

Answer 15

secrete hormones into the blood

Question 16

Exocrine glands

Answer 16

have ducts that open to the body’s outside. Secrete sweat, saliva, milk, and digestive enzymes

Question 17

Connective tissues are put into three functional categories. What are the categories?

Answer 17

1. Defense (cells of the immune system)
2. Support (cells of the skeletal system)
3. Transport and storage (blood and fat cells)

Question 18

Matrix

Answer 18

• Common structural feature that connective tissues share.
• Abundant extracellular material, between widely spaced cells.
• Secretion of materials into matrix produces bone and cartilage.

Question 19

Macrophages

Answer 19

Kind of immune cells that engulf and digest invaders.

Question 20

Kind of immune cells that engulf and digest invaders.

Answer 20

Macrophages

Question 21

Lymphocytes

Answer 21

Kind of immune cells that attack virus-infected cell or make antibodies.

Question 22

Kind of immune cells that attack virus-infected cell or make antibodies.

Answer 22

Lymphocytes

Question 23

Fibrous connective tissue

Answer 23

Kind of skeletal connective tissue. Made of cells called fibroblasts that secrete structural proteins in the spaced between cells.
Example: collagen

Question 24

Kind of skeletal connective tissue. Made of cells called fibroblasts that secrete structural proteins in the spaced between cells.
Example: collagen

Answer 24

Fibrous connective tissue

Question 25

Cartilage

Answer 25

Kind of skeletal connective tissue. Firm but flexible due to its configuration of collagen.

Question 26

Kind of skeletal connective tissue. Firm but flexible due to its configuration of collagen.

Answer 26

Cartilage

Question 27

Bone

Answer 27

Kind of skeletal connective tissue. Stronger than cartilage because the collagen is coated with calcium phosphate salt, making the tissue rigid.

Question 28

Kind of skeletal connective tissue. Stronger than cartilage because the collagen is coated with calcium phosphate salt, making the tissue rigid.

Answer 28

Bone

Question 29

Adipose tissue

Answer 29

made up of fat accumulating cells

Question 30

Erythrocytes

Answer 30

red blood cells that transport and store

Question 31

Compact bone

Answer 31

Outer layer of bone that is very dense and compact.

Question 32

Outer layer of bone that is very dense and compact.

Answer 32

Compact bone

Question 33

Spongy bone

Answer 33

Interior bone that has a more open lattice structure. Red blood cells form in the marrow of this bone.

Question 34

Interior bone that has a more open lattice structure. Red blood cells form in the marrow of this bone.

Answer 34

Spongy bone

Question 35

Three kinds of muscle

Answer 35

1. Smooth muscle
2. Skeletal muscle
3. Cardiac muscle

Question 36

Myofilaments

Answer 36

Contractile protein fibers inside of muscles.

Question 37

Contractile protein fibers inside of muscles.

Answer 37

Myofilaments

Question 38

Acting and Myosin

Answer 38

Proteins that make up myofilaments.

Question 39

Proteins that make up myofilaments.

Answer 39

Acting and myosin

Question 40

Smooth muscle

Answer 40

• Long and spindle shaped

- Found in areas such as the walls of blood vessels and the gut

Question 41

Skeletal muscle

Answer 41

• Move the bones of the skeleton
• Form by the fusion of several cells to form one long fiber with the nuclei pushed out of the periphery of the cytoplasm

Question 42

Muscle fiber

Answer 42

Consists of many myofibrils composed of actin and myosin

Question 43

Cardiac muscle

Answer 43

• Composed of chains or cells that are organized into fibers that branch and interconnect to form a network
• Electrical impulses pass from cell to cell across small openings called gap junctions