Human Genetics Flashcards
What phrase describes an individual with two dominant alleles?
Homozygous
What word refers to the alleles possessed by an individual?
Genotype
How many autosomes do humans have?
22
An individual will have widow’s peak if the genotype is WW or Ww. Is widow’s peak an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive trait?
Autosomal dominant
What technique can be used to determine the genetic inheritance of offspring when the parents have known genotypes?
Punnett square
Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disease. What word refers to an individual who has one recessive allele for cystic fibrosis?
Carrier
What is the genotype of individuals who will not develop Huntington’s disease (autosomal dominant)?
aa
From whom does a male child inherit color blindness - his mother or his father?
Father
What is the genotype of a carrier for hemophilia?
XHXh
How many dominant alleles does someone with AB blood type have?
2
Can a child with AB blood have a parent with O blood?
No
What is the presence of three chromosomes (instead of two) called, and what human chromosome is most commonly affected in this fashion?
Poly X Syndrome
What is created when chromosomes are paired by size and shape?
Karyotype
What technique is used to determine the inheritance patter of specific traits within a family?
Pedigree
A common autosomal trisomy
Down syndrome
What syndrome is inherited when an egg carrying two X chromosomes is fertilized by a sperm carrying one Y chromosome?
Klinefelter syndrome
If the parents are not effected and a child is affected, what is the inheritance pattern?
Heterozygous recessive
If only males are affected in a pedigree, what is the likely inheritance pattern for the trait?
Sex-linked
