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CELL BIO EXAM 1 > Tissues And System: The Inside Story > Flashcards

Tissues And System: The Inside Story Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What tissue covers and lines much of the body

A

Epithelial tissue

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2
Q

Epithelial tissues can be further classified by their shapes such as?

A

Flat or scale-like — squamous
Cube shaped — cuboidal
Column-like — Columnar
Stretchy and variably shaped — transitional

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3
Q

If the cells are arranged in a single layer and are all the same type of cell it is called?

A

Simple

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4
Q

If there are several layers deep it is classified as?

A

Stratified

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5
Q

Epithelium tissue that has a single layer of cells that look stratified is called?

A

Pseudo-stratified

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6
Q

Are sheet-like structures found throughout the body that perform special functions is called?

A

A membrane

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7
Q

Possess a layer of epithelial tissue and a bottom layer of specialized connective tissue?

A

Membranes

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8
Q

Epithelial membranes can be classified into three general types

A

Cutaneous
Serous
Mucous

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9
Q

The most common of the tissues and is found scattered throughout the body by connecting the other tissues to one another

A

Connective tissue

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10
Q

Found in organs, bones, nerves, muscles, membranes, and skin

A

Connective tissue

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11
Q

Holds things together and provides structure and support

A

Connective tissue

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12
Q

In a connective tissue, the cells are embedded in?

A

A non-living extracellular matrix

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13
Q

The connective tissue membrane is called?

A

The synovial membrane

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14
Q

Found in the space between joints and produce a slippery substance called?

A

The synovial membrane produces synovial fluid

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15
Q

This special fluid greatly reduces friction when joints move ?

A

Synovial fluid

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16
Q

This tissue provides the means for movement and the ability to contract in our bodies?

A

Muscle tissue

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17
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

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18
Q

Often called striated because of its striped appearance, causes movement by contracting and relaxing

A

Skeletal muscle

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19
Q

The skeletal muscle is found around the openings in ?

A

Our body such as the mouth by controlling the size of the opening

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20
Q

Cells that are long and fiber-like with many nuclei in each cell is called?

A

Skeletal muscle

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21
Q

The brain controls muscle contractions and relaxation, because we consciously control these muscles

A

Voluntary muscle

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22
Q

Found in the walls of the heart ?

A

Cardiac muscle

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23
Q

Our heart beats without conscious control so this muscle type is considered ?

A

Involuntary muscle tissue

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24
Q

Forms on the walls of our hollo organs such as the digestive system and blood vessels

A

Smooth muscle

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25
Q

We don’t control smooth muscle with our thought so its called?

A

Involuntary muscle

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26
Q

Cells forming this tissue are not long and fibrous as skeletal muscles and each cell has only one nucleus

A

Smooth muscle

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27
Q

Smooth muscle has?

A

No striation

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28
Q

This tissue acts as a rapid messenger service for the body and its messages can cause actions to occur

A

Nervous tissue

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29
Q

What are the two types of nerve cells?

A

Neurons and glia (neuroglia)

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30
Q

Conduction of information

A

Neurons

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31
Q

Branch-like formations on the neuron that receive sensory information are called?

A

Dendrites

32
Q

Trunk-shaped structure transport information away from the cell body

A

The axon

33
Q

This nerve cell supports and connects cell

A

Neuroglia

34
Q

The membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord are called?

A

Meninges

35
Q

Tissue repair is when right after an injury the_____?

A

Blood vessels are damaged and the wound is filled with blood that cause substances that cause it to clot

36
Q

When inflammation occurs, with the symptoms of?

A

Redness, swelling, heat, and pain

37
Q

During inflammation white blood cells called Leucocytes enter to?

A

Destroy any pathogens that may have entered when the wound and to remove cellular debris

38
Q

Cells that can develop into connective tissue come in and begin pulling the edges of the wound together

A

Fibroblast

39
Q

If the wound is severe, a tough scar composed of?

A

Collagen fibers may form

40
Q

Scares can’t function like the tissues so the___?

A

Damage is permanent

41
Q

What are some tissues that are excellent at regeneration ?

A

Epithelium, bone, blood, areolar tissue, and adipose tissue

42
Q

What tissues are unable to regenerate?

A

Cardiac muscle and muscle tissue even if damages are minor

43
Q

Which organs can be removed without causing major problems?

A

The spleen, appendix, or gallbladder

44
Q

An organ is the result of ?

A

Two or more types of tissues organized in a way to accomplish something they can’t do on their own

45
Q

A system is formed by?

A

Organs that work together to accomplish more complex that what a single organ can do on its own

46
Q

In the integumentary system the body’s first line of defense is the?

A

Skin

47
Q

The integumentary system regulates?

A

Temperature through sweating and shivering and changes in diameter of blood vessels in the skin

48
Q

Sensory information received from the outside that comes from sensors on the skin such as?

A

Heat, cold, pain, pressure etc.

49
Q

Glans in the skin help to ?

A

Lubricate and waterproof your skin and inhibit the growth of unwanted bacteria

50
Q

What are the main components of the integumentary system?

A

Skin, hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and nails

51
Q

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

A

Provides support and structure for the body
Protects organs
Provides movement
Stores a variety of minerals

52
Q

What are the main components of the skeletal system?

A

Bones
Joints
Ligaments
Cartilage

53
Q

Movement created by conscious thought, like scratching your nose is called?

A

Voluntary muscle

54
Q

What are Involuntary muscle

A

Perform without conscious thought
Classified as smooth muscle or cardiac muscle
Found in blood vessels, airways, and organs

55
Q

This system sends and receives messages, stimulated by the body’s internal and external environment, affecting how we perceive the world and protecting us from harm

A

Nervous system

56
Q

This system causes conscious sensations to occur as a result of stimulation if our sensory receptors

A

Nervous system

57
Q

What are the main parts of the nervous system?

A

Spinal cord, peripheral nerves, nerve cells, cerebrospinal fluid

58
Q

In the nervous system what are the special sensory organs ?

A

Eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin

59
Q

The three main functions of the nervous system are?

A

Receiving messages
Processing and interpreting messages
Sending messages

60
Q

The enduro ones releases chemicals called?

A

Hormones that regulate the metabolic process and utilizing metabolites for growth and reproduction

61
Q

Helps to regulate fluid and electrolyte balance and also helps cope with stresses produced by infection and trauma

A

The endocrine system

62
Q

What are the main components of the endocrine system?

A

Hypothalamus, pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads

63
Q

This is the main transportation system to each of the cell of your body

A

The cardiovascular system (circulatory system)

64
Q

What are the main components of the cardiovascular system?

A

Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood

65
Q

Water, oxygen, and a variety of nutrients and substances required for life are transports to the cells while wastes products are removed from the cells through ?

A

Circulatory system

66
Q

This system supplies the cells with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide without conscious effort

A

The respiratory system

67
Q

What system filters, warms,a den moistens the air we breathe ?

A

The respiratory system

68
Q

Helps to maintain proper acid-base balance

A

Respiratory system

69
Q

What are the main part of the respiratory system?

A

Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and the lungs

70
Q

This system is responsible for helping to maintain proper fluid balance and protect us from infection

A

Immune system

71
Q

This system produces special white cells called T-lymphocytes, to fight infection

A

Lymphatic and immune system

72
Q

The digestive system takes the raw material (food) and break it down mechanically and chemically into usable substances, then absorbs these substances for transportation to the cells

A

Gastrointestinal (GI) or digestive system

73
Q

Plays an important role in the elimination of waste products, electrolytes, and other toxins, as well as excessive water

A

Urinary system

74
Q

What are some important functions of the urinary system?

A

Water regulation
Blood pressure regulation
Electrolytes balance
pH balance

75
Q

In the reproduction system what are the main components of male and female?

A

Female: ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, eggs, and vagina
Male: testes, sperm, and penis

76
Q

The thymus gland, vessels, ducts, nodes, tonsils, and spleen are major parts of the?

A

Lymphatic system

CELL BIO EXAM 1 (5 decks)

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