The Cells: The Raw Materials And Building Blocks

Question 1

Allows materials into and out of the cell is called ?

Answer 1

A cell membrane

Question 2

Cell membranes are selectively permeable because____?

Answer 2

They choose what goes into and out of the cell, as well as holding the cell contents together acting as a protective covering

Question 3

A cell membrane is made up of biphospholipid bilayer

Answer 3

Prevents polar (hydrophilic) molecules from passing through the membrane as well as hydrophobic molecules to pass through easily

Question 4

Channels allow?

Answer 4

Substances into the cell

Question 5

Moving things in and out of the cell can be done in which two ways?

Answer 5

Passive transport and active transport

Question 6

Passive transport requires ?

Answer 6

No extra form of energy to complete

Question 7

Active transport requires?

Answer 7

Some addition of energy to make it

Question 8

Passive transport can be divided into 4 parts:

Answer 8

Diffusion, osmosis, filtration, and facilitated diffusion

Question 9

The most common form of passive transport is?

Answer 9

Diffusion

Question 10

A substance of higher concentration travels to an area of lesser concentration is called?

Answer 10

Diffusion

Question 11

Water travels through a selectively permeable membrane when a concentration gradient is present is called?

Answer 11

Osmosis

Question 12

Water will travel across a membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high concentration until solute is concentration is equal is ?

Answer 12

Osmosis

Question 13

The ability of a substance to pull water toward an area of higher concentration is called?

Answer 13

Osmotic pressure

Question 14

The greater the concentration the greater the?

Answer 14

Osmotic pressure

Question 15

Pressure is applied to force water and its dissolved materials across a membrane is called?

Answer 15

Filtration

Question 16

Only solutes that can fit through channels and other openings in the membrane will?

Answer 16

Filter across it

Question 17

A carrier molecule helps a substance move across the membrane is called?

Answer 17

Facilitated diffusion (carrier mediated passive transport) a variation of diffusion

Question 18

Protein carriers move molecules across?

Answer 18

A membrane down its concentration gradient

Question 19

What are the three types of active transport?

Answer 19

Active transport pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis

Question 20

Requires the addition of an energy in the form of ATP to move a substance is called?

Answer 20

Active transport pump (a carrier mediated active transport) to ATP

Question 21

Energy is needed because the cell is trying to move a substance?

Answer 21

Into an area that already has a high concentration of the substance

Question 22

A protein carrier is used to move?

Answer 22

The substance up the concentration carrier

Question 23

Used by cells for the intake of liquid and food when the substance is too large to diffuse across the membrane is called?

Answer 23

Endocytosis

Question 24

Pinocytosis is the process when ?

Answer 24

Water is being transported

Question 25

The transport of things out of the cell is called?

Answer 25

Exocytosis

Question 26

A gel-like substance composed of water, nutrients, ad electrolytes

Answer 26

Cytoplasm

Question 27

The nucleus is the?

Answer 27

“Brains of the cell”

Question 28

Dictates the activities of the other organelles in the cell

Answer 28

Nucleus

Question 29

Has a double wall membrane with large pores allowing certain materials to pass in and out, while preventing other materials from entering

Answer 29

Nucleus

Question 30

Found in the nucleus that contains DNA

Answer 30

Chromatin

Question 31

DNA contains the blueprints, or specifications, for the creation of new cells is ?

Answer 31

A chromatin

Question 32

Chromatin will eventually form ______, which carry ______

Answer 32

Chromosomes , genes

Question 33

Genes determine our ?

Answer 33

Inherited characteristics

Question 34

A spherical body made up of dense fibers is found within the cell nucleus is called?

Answer 34

Nucleolus

Question 35

The major function is to synthesize the ribonucleic acid RNA that forms ribosomes is called?

Answer 35

Nucleolus

Question 36

Organelles found on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or found floating around in the cytoplasm

Answer 36

Ribosomes

Question 37

Ribosomes are made up of ?

Answer 37

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Question 38

Assist in the production of enzymes and other protein substances that are needed for cell repair and reproduction

Answer 38

Ribosomes

Question 39

Ribosomes can be considered the “remodeler” of the cell because?

Answer 39

It takes an existing structure and maintaining and repairing it

Question 40

Contain centrioles that are involved in the division of the cell?

Answer 40

Centrosomes

Question 41

Tubular shaped and usually found in pairs?

Answer 41

Centrioles

Question 42

Acts as the power plant to provides up to 95% of our bodies energy needs for cellular repair, movement, and reproduction

Answer 42

Mitochondria

Question 43

The energy produced in the form of ATP if formed by ?

Answer 43

Cellular respiration

Question 44

One form of ER has a sandpaper-like surface with ribosomes on it that is responsible for is called?

Answer 44

Rough ER, responsible for synthesis of proteins

Question 45

The second form of ER has no ribosomes and appears smooth is called?

Answer 45

Smooth ER and it synthesis lipids

Question 46

Stack of flattened sacs that plays a role in packaging proteins or other substances for export from the cell membrane

Answer 46

Golgi apparatus

Question 47

Act to digest worn-out cell organelles and foreign substances that enter the cell

Answer 47

Lysosomes

Question 48

Destroying unwanted bacteria by participating in the process called?

Answer 48

Phagocytosis

Question 49

Flagella are a ?

Answer 49

Whip-shaped tails that move some cells, like sperm, to other locations

Question 50

Cilia are ?

Answer 50

Short, microscopic, hair-like projections located on the outer surface of some cells

Question 51

Move particles in a wavelike motion

Answer 51

Cilia

Question 52

Without this process, your cells will quickly die

Answer 52

Cellular respiration

Question 53

How does energy get from food to cells?

Answer 53

The body takes in food and breaks it down (digestion), during this process energy is released from the food

Question 54

Cells can’t use this energy directly, only when ?

Answer 54

The food is converted to glucose it can be used to make energy (ATP)

Question 55

During cellular respiration, glucose is “burned” in the presence of?

Answer 55

Oxygen, making water, carbon dioxide, and lots of energy

Question 56

What is the point of cellular respiration?

Answer 56

To make energy in the form of ATP

Question 57

what is ATP made up of?

Answer 57

Base, sugar, and three triphosphate) phosphate groups

Question 58

Mitosis (asexual reproduction) helps to ?

Answer 58

Replace body cells to repair and regenerate damaged tissues

Question 59

Meiosis is involved in sexual reproduction in which?

Answer 59

Two different cells unite to form a new cell

Question 60

Meiosis produces gametes (sexual cells) while mitosis is ?

Answer 60

Asexual and reproduce exact copies of itself

Question 61

Two major phases of a cell’s life are known as ?

Answer 61

The cell cycle

Question 62

Most of the time the cell is int he interphase where it is ?

Answer 62

Not dividing and is performing its normal function

Question 63

When the cell needs to reproduce itself, it enters what phase?

Answer 63

Mitotic phase

Question 64

The mitotic phase is divided into two major portions called?

Answer 64

Mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 65

Mitosis has 4 phases called?

Answer 65

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

Question 66

Cytokinesis is the division of ?

Answer 66

The cytoplasm

Question 67

This phase is when the nucleus disappears, the chromosomes become visible, the spindle forms?

Answer 67

Prophase

Question 68

In this phase the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?

Answer 68

Metaphase

Question 69

In this phase the chromosomes split and the spindles pull them apart?

Answer 69

Anaphase

Question 70

In this phase the chromosomes go to the far ends of the cell, the spindles disappears and the nuclei reappear

Answer 70

Telophase

Question 71

What happens during or directly after telophase ?

Answer 71

Cytokinesis happens and the cell divides in half

Question 72

The original cell was the mother cell that has now formed?

Answer 72

Two new identical daughter cells

Question 73

The two new daughter cells identical to the original mother cell is the result of?

Answer 73

Mitosis (asexual reproduction)

Question 74

What are the 4 primary micro-organism

Answer 74

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa

Question 75

Bacteria are what type of cells?

Answer 75

Prokaryotic cells with no nucleus and few organelles

Question 76

Bacteria can be harmful as in the case of pathogens or they can be ?

Answer 76

Harmless bacteria called normal flor and is essential for life

Question 77

Viruses are?

Answer 77

Infectious particles that can’t grow or eat or reproduce by themselves unless the enter another cell and use that cell for energy

Question 78

Viruses do not respond to ?

Answer 78

Antibodies and dormant in the body and become active later in life

Question 79

Fungi, the plural form of fungus can be?

Answer 79

A single-celled or multi-celled organism and can cause infections in the body

Question 80

They are plant-like organism with tiny filaments called?

Answer 80

Mycelia that travels from the cell to find and absorb nutrients

Question 81

How does fungi spread

Answer 81

Through the release of spores

Question 82

A one-celled, animal-like organism that can be found in water and soil

Answer 82

Protozoa

Question 83

All living things are made up of?

Answer 83

One or more cells that are fundamental units of all living organisms

Question 84

Cells are composed of a variety parts necessary for proper cellular function called?

Answer 84

Organelles

Question 85

Can cause disease through ingestion or insect bites?

Answer 85

Protozoa