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Anatatomy and Phisiology > Tissues and Body Cavities > Flashcards

Tissues and Body Cavities Flashcards

1
Q

Four basic types of primary tissue

A

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Neural/Nerve

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2
Q

Germ layers form tissues

Tissues form organs

Organs form organ systems

Fetus forms when organs are in place (1st trimester)

A

Functions of Epithelium

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3
Q

Number: Simple or Stratified
Name by the shape

A

Types of epithelial cells

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4
Q

One layer thick
allows for exchange of material

A

Simple

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5
Q

multiple layers
for protection

A

stratified

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6
Q

thin and plate-like
Simple squamous epithelium

A single layer of thin, flat cells of irregular outlines

Form continuous, thin membranes

Endothelium, Mesothelium, Mesenchymal

A

Squamous

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7
Q

lining of the subarachnoid spaces (in the brain) and chambers of the eye

A

Mesenchymal

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8
Q

simple squamous epithelium lining the body cavities (pleura and peritoneum)

A

Mesothelium

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9
Q

simple layer of squamous cells forming the inner lining of the heart, blood vessels, lymph vessels

A

Endothelium

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10
Q

equal height and width (appears square )
Simple cuboidal epithelium

Widely distributed

Choroid plexus of the nervous system,

Outer covering of the ovary,

Lining of the follicles in the thyroid gland

A

Cuboidal

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11
Q

taller than they are wide
Lining for the digestive tract

May be absorptive, secretory or both

Some secrete mucus  protection

Also ciliated simple columnar

Cilia: motile extension of cell surface

Move tubular contents in a single direction

E.g. Uterine tubes (oviduct)

A

Columnar

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12
Q

stratified epithelium with a varied appearance

Lining of the muscular urinary bladder

When empty  bladder contracts  epithelium has many layers

When full  bladder stretches  only 2 – 3 layers

A

Transitional

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13
Q

appears to be multiple layers but actually has only one

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Non-ciliated exist too

Line the respiratory tract

Goblet cells provide wet surface

Entraps inhaled particles

Cilia direct the wet surface towards the mouth

A

Pseudostratified

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14
Q

Protection

Withstand wear and tear

Nonkeratinizing

Found on wet surfaces subjected to wear and tear

Inside of mouth and esophagus

Keratinizing

A.k.a. cornified

Cells fused together

Minimizes fluid loss

Greater protection

Found on epidermis (outer layer) of skin

A

Stratified squamous

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15
Q

Two types of secretions for glands originate from the epithelium

A

Exocrine and endocrine

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16
Q

secretions to the outside of the body

Have ducts

A

Exocrine

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17
Q

secretions within the body.

Ductless

A

Endocrine

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18
Q

Types of Glands

A

Holocrine, Mericrine and Apocrine

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19
Q

accumulates secretory products in its cytoplasm and then dies

Ex: Sebaceous (oily, fatty) glands

A

Holocrine

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20
Q

secrete via vesicles so no part of cell lost

Ex: Pancreas and salivary glands

A

Merocrine

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21
Q

secretions gather at the outer ends of glands and then pinch off

Ex: Mammary and sweat glands

A

Apocrine

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22
Q

Surface layer of epithelium in an underlying layer of connective tissue.

A

Epithelial membranes

23
Q

two types of epithelial mebranes

A

Mucous and Serous

24
Q

mucosae

Line the hollow organs and cavities

Digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive

A

mucous membrane

25
Q

serosae

Line the body cavities and related organs

Pleura (lining thorax)

Pericardium (lining cavity outside heart)

Peritoneum (lining abdomen and pelvic cavity)

A

Serous membrane

26
Q

Provides mechanical support

Provides place for metabolite exchange

Provides place for energy storage

From the mesoderm, connects one body part to another

All CT arise from mesenchyme (mesoderm embryonic tissue)

Have different vascularity’s (all are vascular/have blood supply except for cartilage)

Have an extracellular matrix (gives support and strength)

A

Connective Tissue

27
Q

All CT arise from this
(mesoderm embryonic tissue)

A

mesenchyme

28
Q

gives support and strength to connective tissue

A

extracellular matrix

29
Q

Production of intercellular substances

Storing fat (adipocytes)

Production of various blood cells

A

Chiefs functions of different connective tissue

30
Q

connective tissue can be classified as

A

loose or dense

31
Q

Arranged in parallel bundles

Form tendons

A

Dense Regular

32
Q

Fibers are interwoven and compacted to form dense matting

Found on dermis of skin

A

Dense irregular

33
Q

Generates contractile force (movement)

A

Muscular Tissue

34
Q

Voluntary (under conscious control), striated, attached to bone

A

Skeletal

35
Q

Involuntary (non under conscious control), non-striated, make up walls of blood vessels or tubular organs (stomach, bladder, intestines)

A

Smooth

36
Q

Involuntary, striated, located only at heart

A

Cardiac

37
Q

Provides transmission, reception, integration of electrical impulses

Sends impulses through the body, no specific tissue types but specific cell types

Nerve cells: neurons, neuroglia cells / supporting cells

A

Nervous Tissue

38
Q

Name the body cavities

A

Dorsal, Cranial, Vertebral, Ventral, Thoracic, Abdominal, Pelvic

39
Q

Name the cavities under dorsal

A

Cranial , vertebral

40
Q

Name the cavities under the ventral

A

thoracic, abdominal and pelvic

41
Q

houses brain

A

cranial cavity

42
Q

spinal cord

A

vertebral cavity

43
Q

Divided into two lateral chambers

A

pleural cavity

44
Q

serous membrane lining the chambers

A

pleura

45
Q

lining the lungs

A

visceral pleura

46
Q

mediastinum, costal and diaphragmatic

A

parietal pleura

47
Q

(mediastinum)
Space in between the two lungs

Partition between two pleural cavities

Contains heart, thoracic parts of the esophagus, trachea, vessels, and nerves

Bound laterally by mediastinal pleura

A

Mediastinal Space

48
Q

Contains kidneys, most of digestive organs, and reproductive organs

Pelvic cavity and Peritoneum

Lines the abdominal cavity and extends into the pelvic cavity

A

Abdominal Cavity

49
Q

contains rectum and urogenital system

A

Pelvic Cavity

50
Q

serous membrane lining the cavity
Different folds form as organs migrate into the abdominal cavity during fetal development

A

Peritoneum

51
Q

folds of the peritoneum that passes from the stomach to other viscera

A

Omentum

52
Q

folds of peritoneum that attaches intestine to the dorsal wall of abdominal cavity

A

Mesentery

53
Q

folds that pass between viscera, other parts of the digestive tube, or connect them with the abdominal wall

A

Ligaments

Anatatomy and Phisiology (5 decks)

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