Tissues Flashcards
What is the ECM
Extracellular Matrix
What is the composition of the ECM?
- It is a non-cellular structure
- It is a highly dynamic structural network that continuously undergoes remodeling mediated by several matrix-degrading enzymes during normal and pathological conditions.
Main Components: Protein, glycosaminoglycan and glycooconjugate
Where do you find nervous tissue in the body?
Primary tissue that composes the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
What is the central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord
What is the difference between somatic and autonomic nervous system?
Both are part of the peripheral nervous system.
Somatic: Voluntary control of body movements (except reflex arcs)
Autonomic: Involuntary control of body movements. Two types: Sympathetic and parasympathetic
What is the difference between Smpathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?
Both are part of the Autonomic nervous system.
Sympathetic: Stress
Parasympathetic: Calm
What is the Soma of a neuron?
The central body.
It contains nucleus, associated cytoplasm and other organelles (High concentration of mitochondria and rER)
What is the task of the Axon hillock?
Where membrane potentials are summaries before entering the axon.
What is the axon of a neuron?
This part of the neuron transmits and extends away from the soma . It typically carries signals away from the cell body.
What is saltatory conduction?
Saltatory conduction is the propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons from one node of Ranvier to the next node, increasing the conduction velocity of action potentials.
- Schwann cells wrap around axons and form insulating myelin sheat
- Nodes of ranvier: Gaps of the myelin sheath with a high concentration of ion channels
Fast conduction
What are dendrites of a neuron?
Tree-like structures that receive excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs and IPSPs) from other cells.
Are part of the synapse (Post synapse)
What is an unipolar neuron?
Have a single axon going to and from the soma.
What is a bipolar neuron?
Have one axon and one dendrite.
What is a multipolar neuron?
Have one axon and multiple dendrites?
What is a sensory neuron?
Receives signals
What is a motor neuron?
Bound to muscle tissue.
What is an Interneuron?
Connects different neurons with each other.
What are glia cells/neuroglia ?
Do not conduct nerve impulses, but a number of support functions for nervous tissue.
Maintain homeostasis, provide myelin and support and protect neurons.
What is another name for soma?
Perikaryon
What are the functions of neuroglia?
- Physical support
- Protection
- Insulation repair of injury
- Repair
- Supply of nutrients
- Clearance of neurotransmitters
What are the 6 types of neuroglia?
- Schwann cells
- Oligodendrocytes
- Astrocytes
- Ependyma
- Microglia
- Satellite Cells
Wich neuroglia are part of the peripheral ns?
Satellite cells and Schwann cells
Wich neuroglia are part of the central ns?
Ependymal cells
Oligodendrocytes
Astrocytes
Microglia
Where do you find epithelial tissue in the human body?
Consists of tightly packed sheets of cells that cover surfaces.
