Tissues 5 (Fluid Compartments) Flashcards
What percentage of the fluid in the body is intracellular?
55% (23L)
What percentage of the fluid in the body is interstitial?
36% (15L)
What is the concentration, in mmol/l, of the main cations found inside and outside the cells?
- Na+ - inside: 10, outside: 140
- K+ - inside: 150, outside: 5
- Ca2+ - inside: 10^-4, outside: 2
What is the concentration, in mmol/l, of the main anions found inside and outside the cells?
- Cl- - inside: 5, outside: 120
- Organic Phosphates - inside: 130, outside: 5
- Protein - inside 2, outside: 1
What is the pH inside and outside cells?
- inside: 7.1
- outside: 7.4
What is the definition of osmolarity?
The concentration of a solution expressed as the total number of solute particles per litre.
In which direction does water move due to osmosis?
Towards the area of higher osmolarity (down it’s conc. gradient)
What is osmolarity not dependent on?
Membrane permeability to ions
What is the definition of tonicity?
The strength of a solution as it affects final cell volume
What do hypertonic, hypotonic and isotonic solutions do?
Hypertonic – make cells shrink (osmolarity higher out)
Hypotonic – make cells swell (osmolarity higher in)
Isotonic – cells don’t change (osmolarity the same)
What feature do real cells have which prevents them from bursting due to having a higher osmolarity inside the cell than outside?
They have sodium-potassium pumps – maintains a lower concentration of sodium inside than outside
What two forces affect the movement of fluid between the capillary and the interstitial space?
Colloid Osmotic Pressure
Hydrostatic Pressure
What is oedema?
Swelling of a tissue due to excess interstitial fluid.
Other than interstitial what are the other type of extracellular body fluids & their percentages?
- blood plasma (7% - 3L)
- transcellular (2% - 1L)
What are the main anions found inside and outside cells?
- Cl- (high extracellular)
- Organic Phosphates (high intracellular)
- Proteins (low & high charge)
