Tissues 4: Nerve Flashcards
Each hemisphere of the brain is coventially sperated into 4 functionally distinct regions Name the regions
Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe
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What are the ridges in the brain called? What are the valleys in the brain know as?
gyri-ridges Sulci-Valleys add pic
What does the brainstem consist of?
Midbrain Pons Medulla( in descending order) add pic
What is the role of the cerebeluum?
Important role in motor coordination, balance & posture
Draw a unipolar Nuerone
1 axonal projection add pic
Draw a Psuedo-unipolar nuerone
Single axonal projection that divides into two add pic
Draw a Bi-polar nuerone
2 projections from cell body add pic
Draw a multipolar nuerone?
Multipolar: Numerous projections from cell body add pic
Where are purkinje cells found?
cerebellum
Where are golgi cells found?
cerebellum
Draw a pyrimidal, purkinje and golgi cell?
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Name some features of a Nuerone?
Excitable cells of CNS Heterogeneous morphology Non-dividing cells
What is the function of a nuerone?
A mature nueron is a non-dividing excitable cell whose main function is to recieve and transmit information in the form of electrical signals.
Name some distinguishing physical features which all nuerones share?
Soma(cell body) Axon Dendrites
What part of the nuerone is covered in myelin?
Axon
Are dendrites covered in myelin?
no
Lable the diagrom of a nuerone add pic
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What cells are the most abundant within the CNS and are able to proliferate?
Astrocytes add pic
Name some functions of Astrocytes?
Structural cells
Cell repair
Immune cells & are considered ‘facultative macrophages’
Neurotransmitter release & reuptake
What are the names of the myelin producing cells of the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes Schwann Cell
What is the name of the myelinating cell of the CNS
Oligodendrocytes
What is the name of the myelinating cell of the peripheral nervous system
Schwann Cell
Sketch a oligodendrocyte and Schwann cell
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What are the differences between oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells?
One oligodenrodcyte myelinates many axons One Schwann cell myelinates one axon segment Oligodendrocytes are found in the CNS Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous system
What is the role of Microglial cells?
Specialised cells - similar to macrophages Perform immune functions in CNS
What is the role of Ependymal cells
Epithelial cells - line fluid filled ventricles Regulate production & movement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Sketch microglial and ependymal cells
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Name the 5 main cells of the CNS?
Neurone- Excitable cells of CNS Responsible for electrical transmission
Oligodendrocyte Glial cell - produces myelin
Astrocyte- Most abundant cell type in CNS
Microglia cells- Neuronal macrophages
Ependymal Epithelial cells lining the ventricles
Four different types of glial cells found in the central nervous system: ependymal cells, astrocytes, microglial cells, and oligodendrocytes
What is the function of the frontal lobe
The frontal lobes are involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory, language, initiation, personality, judgement, impulse control, and social and sexual behavior PERSONALITY
What is the role of the occipital lobe?
Processing of visual information
What is the role of the Temporal lobe?
Processing sensory input. The temporal lobe is involved in primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex. Contains important structures such as the hippocampus( short term memory), the amygdala (behavior) and wernike’s area (auditory perception and speech)
Role of the perietal lobe
It functions in processing sensory information regarding the location of parts of the body as well as interpreting visual information and processing language and mathematics.
What is the role of the cerebellum?
Has an important role in motor coordinationn, balance and posture
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