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Anatomy and Physiology > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Types of tissue

Epithelial

A
  • Covers all surfaces
  • Makes up organ linings
  • Tightly packed with little intracellular matrix
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2
Q

Types of epithelial tissue (shape)

Squamous

A

Flat and sheet like tissue

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3
Q

Types of epithelial tissue (shape)

Cuboidal

A

cube-like tissue

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4
Q

Types of epithelial tissue (shape)

Columnar

A

Column-like

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5
Q

Types of epithelial tissue (arrangement)

simple

A

Only one cell layer

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6
Q

Types of epithelial tissue (arrangement)

stratified

A

Multiple cell layers

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7
Q

Types of epithelial tissue (arrangement)

pseudostratified

A

One cell layer appearing as multiple cell layers

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8
Q

Cells in the body:

Simple squamous

A
  • Lines blood vessels and cavities
  • Regulates passage of substances into underlying tissues
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9
Q

Cells in the body:

Simple cuboidal

A

Glandular / secreeting tissues

Kidney tubules

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10
Q

Cells in the body:

Simple columnar

A
  • Lines stomach and intestines
  • Specialized for absorbtion
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11
Q

Cells in the body:

Stratified squamous

A

Protective functions against microbes and dehydration

Skin

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12
Q

Cells in the body:

Stratified cuboidal

A

Excretory ducts of salivary and sweat glands

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13
Q

Cells in the body:

Stratified columnar

A

Protective and mucus secreting

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14
Q

Cells in the body:

Pseudostratified columnar

A

Tissue of the upper respiratory system

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15
Q

Types of tissue

Connective tissue

A
  • Binds structures together
  • framework and support for the organs
  • Fat storage
  • substance transport
  • Immunoresponse and tissue repair
  • Abundant intracellular matrix
  • Matrix made of ground subtance and fibers
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16
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Fibroblasts

A
  • connective tissue formation
  • found in loose and dense connective tissue
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17
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Adipocytes

A
  • Containes fat molecules
  • loose connective tissue

Adipose tissue

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18
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Reticular cells

A
  • Fibroblasts producing reticular fibers through collagen alpha-1(III)
  • distributes key molecules
  • Provides structure for immune cells to move
  • loose connective tissue

Lymph nodes

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19
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Chondroblasts and Chondrocytes

A
  • Cartilage formation

Perichondrium

20
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Osteoblasts and Osteocytes

A

Bone formation

21
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Hemocytoblasts

A

Formation of blood components

Bone marrow

22
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Macrophages

A

Phagocytosis and destruction of foreign matter

23
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Mast cells

A

Secretes histamine for immune response

24
Q

Cell types that produce the matrix

Plasma cells

A

Created antibodies

25
Q

Fibers

Collagen fibers

A
  • protein collagen
  • tough and flexible
26
Q

Fibers

Elastic fibers

A
  • Protein elastin
  • strong and strechable
27
Q

Fibers

Reticular fibers

A
  • Thin collagen fibers with glycoprotein coating
  • Forms net-like patter (Reticulate pattern)
28
Q

Ground substance

A
  • Hold connective tissue together
  • either a fluid, gel, or solid
29
Q

Types of connective tissue

Loose connective tissue

A
  • abundant cells amongst loosely arranged fibers
  • sparse to abundant gelatonous ground substance
30
Q

Types of connective tissue

Dense connective tissue

A
  • few cells among dense fibers
  • little ground substance
31
Q

Types of connective tissue

Cartilage

A
  • cells dustributed amongst fibers
  • Firm gellike ground substance
  • tough but flexible, avascular, and withour nerves
32
Q

Types of connective tissue

Bone

A
  • cells distributed amongst abundant fibers
  • solid ground substance containing minerals (calium phosphate)
33
Q

Types of connective tissue

Blood

A
  • Blood components (erythrocytes, lymphocytes, leukocytes) in a fluid matrix (plasma)
34
Q

Epithelial membrane

A

Combination of epithelial tissue and connective tissue

Organ

35
Q

Types of Epithelial membrane

Serous membrane

A

lines interior organs and cavities

heart - pericardium; lungs - pleura; abdominal cavity - peritoneum

36
Q

Types of Epithelial membrane

Mucous membrane

A

lines cavities that open out of the body

Nasal cavity; digestive; respiratory; urogenital

37
Q

Types of Epithelial membrane

Synovial membrane

A

lines bone joint cavities

38
Q

Types of Epithelial membrane

Cutaneous membrane

A

skin

39
Q

Types of tissue

Nervous tissue

A
  • coordinates and control body activites
  • sends and receives stimuli
40
Q

Types of nervous tissue

Neurons

A
  • basic structural unit of the nervous system
  • generates and conducts electrical nerve impulses
41
Q

Types of nervous tissue

Neuroglia

A
  • supportd neuron activity
  • binds and insulates neurons
  • provide protection (phagocytic) and nutrients through brinding vessels with neurons
42
Q

Types of tissue

Muscular tissue

A
  • produces movement and contractions
  • highly cellular and vascularized
  • have contractile proteins actin and myosin
43
Q

Types of muscle tissue

Skeletal muscle

A
  • long, striated, cyliindrical cells
  • multinucleated where nucleus is at the sacrolemma
  • voluntary muscle
44
Q

Types of muscle tissue

Cardiac muscle

A
  • branching, striated cells with intercalated discs
  • One nucleus per cell
  • involuntary muscle that pulsates in rhythm
45
Q

Types of muscle tissue

Smooth muscle

A
  • Spindle shaped
  • single, centrally located nucleus
  • Involuntary muscle

Anatomy and Physiology (6 decks)

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